This study investigates the aesthetic significance of historical narratives (e.g., Romance of the Three Kingdoms, heroic biographies like Yue Fei’s resistance) embedded in Jingdezhen ceramics through the theoretical framework of cultural identity. Focusing exclusively on verifiable historical events and figures, we argue that these narratives transform ceramics into dynamic vehicles of collective memory, Confucian ethics (loyalty, righteousness), and identity performance. By triangulating artifact analysis, iconographic decoding, and stakeholder interviews, we propose the model of "Cultural Identity-Driven Aesthetic Value"—bridging material culture aesthetics and identity theory. Our findings reveal three mechanisms: (1) temporal anchoring (linking past/present), (2) moral embodiment (visualizing abstract virtues), and (3) identity performance (spatial-cultural declaration). Practically, this outputs a framework for activating "narrative cultural heritage" in curation and innovation.