The optimization of a physical factor of hydrogen production in alkaline water electrolysis
List of Authors
  • Kamalesh Selvam , Siti Noraiza Ab Razak

Keyword
  • hydrogen fuel, alkaline water electrolysis, hydrogen production, green energy

Abstract
  • Hydrogen fuel is an alternative to petroleum fuel as the world is changing to a zero-carbon fuel source. However, hydrogen production requires high costs and a relatively complex system. There are numerous methods available in the industry to produce hydrogen by water splitting, but alkaline water electrolysis is one of the cheapest ways of producing hydrogen gas since it only requires water, electrodes, a voltage supply, a conducting wire, some electrolytes, and a container. Besides that, water electrolysis is among the most effective ways of generating hydrogen since it utilizes renewable water and generates only pure oxygen as a by-product, indicating that it is an ecologically beneficial way of generating hydrogen gas. The water was split into hydrogen and oxygen gases by using electricity during the electrolysis process and the hydrogen gas will be produced in the cathode. The distance between the electrodes, the voltage supply, and the presence of an external magnetic field were the three parameters studied for the purpose of this study. The highest volume of hydrogen gas produced was at optimum parameters of 10 cm electrode distance, 20 V of the voltage supply, and 0.08 µT of external magnetic field strength. Although the electrolysis process accounts for a small portion of hydrogen production using the current method, researchers believe that if existing techniques are improved with appropriate materials and substances, this process will significantly benefit the community.

Reference
  • 1. Azni, S. R., Abu Bakar, M. A., Farhana, D. H., Ab Razak, S. N., & Bidin, N. (2016). Hydrogen Production Via Catalyst of Green Laser, Molybdenum and Ethanol. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering), 78(3), 241–245.

    2. Bidin, N., Ab Razak, S. N., Azni, S. R., Nugruho, W., Mohsin, A. K., Abdullah, M., Krishnan, G., & Bakhtiar, H. (2014). Effect of green laser irradiation on hydrogen production. Laser Physics Letter, 11, 1-5.

    3. Bidin N., Azni, S. R., Islam, S., Abdullah, M., Ahmad, M. F., Krishnan, G., Johari, A. R., Abu Bakar, M. A., Sahidan, N. S., Musa, N., Salebi, M. F., Razali, N., & Sanagi, M. M. (2017). The effect of magnetic and optic field in water electrolysis,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 42(26), 16325–16332.

    4. Biswal, H. J., Vundavilli, P. R., & Gupta, A. (2019). Investigations on the effect of electrode gap variation over pulse-electrodeposition profile. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Engineering, 653(1), 012046.

    5. Brauns, J., & Turek, T. (2020). Alkaline water electrolysis powered by renewable energy: A review. Processes, 8(2), MDPI AG, Feb. 01, 2020.

    6. Guo, Y., Li, G., Zhou, J., & Liu. Y. (2019). Comparison between hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis and hydrogen production by PEM electrolysis. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 371(4), 042022.

    7. Ju, W., Pusterla, L., Burnat, D., & Battaglia, C. (2017). Developments for alkaline electrolysis: From materials to laboratory electrolysis. 6th Eur. PEFC Electrolyser Forum, 7.

    8. Kaya, M. F., Demir, N., Albawabiji, M. S., & Taş, M. (2019). Investigation of alkaline water electrolysis performance for different cost-effective electrodes under magnetic field. International Journal Hydrogen Energy, 42(28), 17583–17592.

    9. Koza, J. A., Mühlenhoff, S., Żabiński, P., Nikrityuk, P. A., Eckert, K., Uhlemann, M., Gebert, A., Weier, T., Schultz, L., & Odenbach, S. (2011). Hydrogen evolution under the influence of a magnetic field. Electrochim. Acta, 56(6), 2665–2675.

    10. Li, Y. H., & Chen, Y. J. (2021). The effect of magnetic field on the dynamics of gas bubbles in water electrolysis,” Sci. Rep., 11(1), 1–12.

    11. Lin, M. Y., & Hourng, L. W. (2014). Effects of magnetic field and pulse potential on hydrogen production via water electrolysis. International Journal of Energy Resources, 38(1), 106–116.

    12. Nagai, N., Takeuchi, M., Kimura, T., & Oka, T. (2020). Existence of optimum space between electrodes on hydrogen production by water electrolysis. International Journal Hydrogen Energy, 28(1), 35–41.

    13. Sazali, N. (2020). Emerging technologies by hydrogen: A review. International Journal of Energy, 45(38), 18753-18771.

    14. Shah, M. N. R. A., Yunus, R. M., Rosman, N. N., Wong, W. Y., Arifin, K., & Minggu, L. J. (2021). Current progress on 3D graphene-based photocatalysts: From synthesis to photocatalytic hydrogen production. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(14), 9324-9340.

    15. Vasiliades, M. A., Kalamaras, C. M., Govender, N. S., Govender, A., & Efstathiou, A. M. (2019). The effect of preparation route of commercial Co/γ-Al2O3 catalyst on important Fischer-Tropsch kinetic parameters studied by SSITKA and CO-DRIFTS transient hydrogenation techniques. Journal of Catalysis, 379, 60-77.

    16. Wang, M., Wang, Z., Gong, X., & Guo, Z. (2017). The intensification technologies to water electrolysis for hydrogen production - A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 29, 573–588.

    17. Weimer, D. R., Gurnett, D. A., Goertz, C. K., Menietti, J. D., Burch, J. L., & Sugiura, M. (2019). The current-voltage relationship in auroral current sheets. Journal Geophysics Research, 92(A1), 187.

    18. Yuvaraj, A. L., & Santhanaraj, D. (2019). A systematic study on electrolytic production of hydrogen gas by using graphite as electrode. Material Research, 17(1), 83–87.

    19. Zhao, J., Tu, Z., & Chan, S. H. (2021). Carbon corrosion mechanism and mitigation strategies in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC): A review. Journal of Power Sources, 488. 229434.

    20. Zhang, Y., & Xu, Y. (2019). Simultaneous Electrochemical Dual-Electrode Exfoliation of Graphite toward Scalable Production of High-Quality Graphene. Advanced Functional Materials, 29(37), 1902171.