Illustrating Tradition in Northern China: A Review of Watercolor Picture Books and Their Role in Intangible Heritage Preservation
List of Authors
Shanshan Zhao, Wan Samiati Andriana W. Mohamad Daud, Wenbo Chen, Ziyi Zhang
Keyword
Watercolor Picture Books, Intangible Cultural Heritage, Northern China, Cultural Preservation, Visual Storytelling
Abstract
This study aims to systematically review the role of watercolor picture books in preserving and transmitting intangible cultural heritage (ICH) in Northern China. It explores how these visual storytelling tools represent regional traditions, support cultural memory, and contribute to educational and community engagement efforts. A systematic review approach was employed, analyzing literature from major databases including CNKI, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Using keywords related to watercolor picture books, intangible heritage, and Northern China, 2,459 articles were initially identified. After applying inclusion criteria focused on language, timeframe (2000–2025), and cultural relevance, 21 studies were selected for in-depth thematic synthesis and narrative analysis. The review reveals that watercolor picture books effectively depict folklore, festivals, rural life, and traditional crafts, employing color symbolism, brushwork, and local motifs that enrich cultural representation. These books play a significant educational role, bridging formal curricula and informal family storytelling, and foster intergenerational knowledge transmission. Community involvement in their production strengthens cultural identity and confidence, especially in rural areas. This study highlights the innovative blending of traditional art with modern media to sustain ICH, offering valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and cultural institutions. It underscores the need for broader accessibility and digitization to enhance the preservation and transmission of Northern China’s intangible heritage.