1. A Rahim, N. (2013). Penggunaan mobile learning (m-learning) untuk tujuan pembelajaran dalam kalangan pelajar kejuruteraan UTHM (Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia).
2. Abd. Ghafar, M. N. (1999). Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Johor: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
3. Abdullah, M. F. N. L., & Wei, L. T. (2017). Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen penilaian kendiri pembelajaran geometri tingkatan satu. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 14(1), 211-265.
4. Abdullah, N. H. H., & bin Darusalam, G. (2018). Kesediaan guru melaksanakan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi dalam pengajaran. JuKu: Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 6(3), 22-31.
5. Afriyanti, I., Wardono, W., & Kartono, K. (2018). Pengembangan Literasi Matematika Mengacu PISA Melalui Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21 Berbasis Teknologi. In PRISMA, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Matematika (Vol. 1, pp. 608-617).
6. Ahmad, S. S. (2020). Kajian Maklum Balas Pelajar Sijil Pengoperasian Perniagaan Terhadap Pembelajaran Secara Dalam Talian Menggunakan Microsoft Teams Di Kolej Komuniti Hulu Langat. International Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 2(4), 391-406.
7. Ajmal, M., & Ahmad, S. (2019). Exploration of Anxiety Factors among Students of Distance Learning: A Case Study of Allama Iqbal Open University. Bulletin of Education and Research, 41(2), 67-78.
8. Alfina, O. (2020). Penerapan Lms-Google Classroom Dalam Pembelajaran Daring Selama Pandemi Covid-19. Majalah Ilmiah Methoda, 10(1), 38-46.
9. Aziz, A. I., Omar, S. K., Suhaimin, M. F., & Rozman Azram, A. A. (2021). Exploring students' preferences for open distance learning (ODL) during Covid-19 pandemic a case study among UiTM students.
10. Aziz, A. R. A., Shafie, A. A. H., Lee, U. H. M. S., & Ashaari, R. N. S. R. (2020). Strategi Pembangunan Aspek Kesejahteraan Kendiri bagi Mendepani Tekanan Akademik Semasa Wabak COVID-19. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(12), 16-30.
11. Baek, Y., Jung, J., & Kim, B. (2008). What Makes Teachers Use Technology In The Classroom? Exploring The Factors Affecting Facilitation Of Technology With A Korean Sample. Computers & Education, 50(1), 224-234.
12. Baharudin, H. H., Masnan, A. H., & Zain, A. (2021). Learning Module Development using Android Technology Application based on Interactive White Board on Preschool Reading Proficiency: Theoretical framework review. Jurnal Pendidikan Bitara UPSI, 14(1), 1-14.
13. Bahasoan, A. N., Ayuandiani, W., Mukhram, M., & Rahmat, A. (2020). Effectiveness Of Online Learning In Pandemic COVID-19. International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 1(2), 100-106.
14. Behr, D. (2017). Assessing The Use Of Back Translation: The Shortcomings Of Back Translation As A Quality Testing Method. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 20(6), 573-584.
15. Billy, L. J., & Taat, M. S. (2020). Budaya Sekolah: Hubungannya dengan Komitmen Guru. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(10), 207-216.
16. Chear, S. L. S., & Yunus, M. M. (2019). Strategi Penerapan Kemahiran Abad Ke-21 Dalam Latihan Guru Prasekolah. Southeast Asia Early Childhood Journal, 8(1), 1-10.
17. Cojocariu, V. M., Lazar, I., Nedeff, V., & Lazar, G. (2014). SWOT Anlysis Of E-Learning Educational Services From The Perspective Of Their Beneficiaries. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 1999-2003.
18. Dhawan, S. (2020). Online Learning: A Panacea In The Time Of COVID-19 Crisis. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 49(1), 5-22.
19. Dong, C., Cao, S., & Li, H. (2020). Young Children’s Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic: Chinese Parents’ Beliefs And Attitudes. Children and Youth Services Review, 118, 105440.
20. Eggen, P., & Kauchak, D. (2012). Strategies and Models for Teachers: Teaching Content and Thinking Skills (6th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education
21. Faiella, F., & Ricciardi, M. (2015). Gamification And Learning: A Review Of Issues And Research. Journal of e-Learning and Knowledge Society, 11(3).
22. Fauzi, I., & Khusuma, I. H. S. (2020). Teachers’ Elementary School In Online Learning Of COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions. Jurnal Iqra': Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(1), 58-70.
23. Ghaith, G. (2010). An Exploratory Study Of The Achievement Of The Twenty‐First Century Skills In Higher Education. Education+ Training.
24. Ghazali, E. E. (2017). Kesan Penggunaan Modul Teach-Talk-Tool (TTT) Versi Bahasa Melayu Terhadap Pengetahuan Serta Penggunaan Strategi Guru Berkomunikasi Dengan Murid Autisme (Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Sains Malaysia).
25. Hamari, J., Koivisto, J., & Sarsa, H. (2014, January). Does Gamification Work?--A Literature Review Of Empirical Studies On Gamification. In 2014 47th Hawaii international conference on system sciences (pp. 3025-3034). Ieee.
26. Haron, W. S., UUM, S. S. K., & Canselor, P. T. N. (2009). Hubungan Personaliti, Kemahiran Sosial, Kebimbangan Dan Rakan Sebaya Dengan Tingkah Laku Devian Di Kalangan Pelajar Universiti. In Seminar Pendidikan Sains Sosial, Kongres Pengajaran & Pembelajaran UKM 2009 (pp. 14-16).
27. Hasan, N., & Bao, Y. (2020). Impact Of “E-Learning Crack-Up” Perception On Psychological Distress Among College Students During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mediating Role Of “Fear Of Academic Year Loss”. Children and Youth Services Review, 118, 105355.
28. Hew, K. F., & Cheung, W. S. (2014). Students’ And Instructors’ Use Of Massive Open Online Courses (Moocs): Motivations And Challenges. Educational research review, 12, 45-58.
29. Hodges, C., Moore, S., Lockee, B., Trust, T., & Bond, A. (2020). The Difference Between Emergency Remote Teaching And Online Learning. Educause review, 27, 1-12.
30. Hung, M. L., Chou, C., Chen, C. H., & Own, Z. Y. (2010). Learner Readiness For Online Learning: Scale Development And Student Perceptions. Computers & Education, 55(3), 1080-1090.
31. Hussein, H., Nachiappan, S., Masran, M. N., & Khasnan, S. S. M. (2020). Analisis Pemupukan Kemahiran Berfikir Dalam Kalangan Murid Prasekolah Pendidikan Khas Masalah Pembelajaran. Jurnal Pendidikan Awal Kanak-kanak Kebangsaan, 9(2), 34-47.
32. Hussin, N. (2017). Penggunaan Laman Web Sebagai Transformasi Dalam Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam. O-JIE: Online Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2).
33. Indriani, S. S., & Prasanti, D. (2020). Analisis Konvergensi Simbolik Dalam Media Sosial Youth Group Terkait Kasus COVID-19 Di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, 8(2), 179-193.
34. Irawan, A. W., Dwisona, D., & Lestari, M. (2020). Psychological Impacts Of Students On Online Learning During The Pandemic COVID-19. KONSELI: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling (E-Journal), 7(1), 53-60.
35. Jusof, N., & Hamzah, M. I. (2020). Kemahiran Guru Pendidikan Islam Di Sekolah Rendah Terhadap Pelaksanaan Pengajaran Berpusatkan Murid: Satu Analisa. International Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 2(3), 1-26.
36. Kamaruddin, M. I., & Mohamad, A. (2011). Kajian Gaya Pembelajaran Dalam Kalangan Pelajar UTM. Journal of Educational Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 51-77.
37. Kariya, H. S., Zin, S. M., & Mukhtar, M. (2020). Kajian Persepsi Pensyarah Politeknik Terhadap Pembinaan Item Penilaian. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 2(4), 30-38.
38. Karoulis, A., Tarnanas, I., & Pombortsis, A. (2004). An Expert-Based Evaluation Concerning Human Factors In ODL Programs: A Preliminary Investigation. In E-Education Applications: Human Factors And Innovative Approaches (pp. 84-96). IGI Global.
39. Kaviza, M. (2019). Motivasi Intrinsik Dalam Kalangan Murid Tingkatan Empat Yang Mengambil Mata Pelajaran Sejarah. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 4(31), 215-224.
40. Kop, R. (2011). The Challenges To Connectivist Learning On Open Online Networks: Learning Experiences During A Massive Open Online Course. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 12(3), 19-38.
41. Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size For Research Activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
42. Lambert, J., & Cuper, P. (2008). Multimedia Technologies And Familiar Spaces: 21st Century Teaching For 21st Century Learners. Contemporary Issues in technology and teacher education, 8(3), 264-276.
43. Li, Y., Garza, V., Keicher, A., & Popov, V. (2019). Predicting High School Teacher Use Of Technology: Pedagogical Beliefs, Technological Beliefs And Attitudes, And Teacher Training. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 24(3), 501-518.
44. Lokanathan, P. D. (2015). Disiplin Pelajar Di SMK Bandar Utama Damansara 4, Petaling Jaya. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Malaya).
45. Maarof, N. H., Apfandi, N., Joli, N. S., & Yusof, R. (2020). ITRACK dalam PDP Sejarah: Tinjauan terhadap motivasi pelajar. International Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 2(1), 83-97.
46. Mamat, S. (2020). Aplikasi Google Meet Dalam Program 3c Bagi Meningkatkan Motivasi Pelajar Tingkatan 5. Proceedings of International Conference on Global Education VIII, hlm. 140-150.
47. McNeish, D. (2018). Thanks Coefficient Alpha, We’ll Take It From Here. Psychological Methods, 23(3), 412.
48. Muhammad, M., Talip, R., & Taat, M. S. (2019). Pengaruh Kualiti Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Terhadap Kepuasan Belajar Pelajar Kolej-Kolej Swasta Di Sabah. Jurnal ILMI, 9(1), 102-119.
49. Mukhtar, K., Javed, K., Arooj, M., & Sethi, A. (2020). Advantages, Limitations And Recommendations For Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic Era. Pakistan Journal Of Medical Sciences, 36(COVID19-S4), S27.
50. Nasir, M., & Yunus, H. M. (2017). Peranan Guru Tingkatan Enam Dalam Membentuk Pelajar Terarah Kendiri Dan Meningkatkan Kemahiran Abad Ke-21. JuKu: Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 5(1), 1-6.
51. Nopilda, L., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). Gerakan Literasi Sekolah Berbasis Pembelajaran Multiliterasi Sebuah Paradigma Pendidikan Abad Ke-21. JMKSP (Jurnal Manajemen, Kepemimpinan, dan Supervisi Pendidikan), 3(2), 216-231.
52. Redhana, I. W. (2019). Mengembangkan Keterampilan Abad Ke-21 Dalam Pembelajaran Kimia. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia, 13(1).
53. Sah Alam, S. N., Hassan, M.S., Sultan Mohideen, R., Ramlan, A.F., & Mohd Kamal, R. (2020). Online Distance Learning Readiness During Covid-19 Outbreak Among Undergraduate Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences, 10(5): 642-657.
54. Saleh, M. N. (2019). Berijazah Secara PJJ Di Malaysia Peluang, Cabaran, Ciri dan Gaya Pembelajaran Pelajar, dan Strategi Kejayaan (Penerbit USM). Penerbit USM.
55. Salleh, F. I. M., Ghazali, J. M., Ismail, W. N. H. W., Alias, M., & Rahim, N. S. A. (2020). The Impacts Of COVID-19 Through Online Learning Usage For Tertiary Education In Malaysia. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(8), 147-149.
56. Shafie, B. H. M. (2020). Pelaksanaan PdPc Dalam Talian (OLL) Semasa Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP) Fasa 1 Dan 2 Covid-19. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 2(2), 213-221.
57. Sihes, A. J., & Sani, N. (2011). Perlaksanaan E-Pembelajaran Di Kalangan Pelajar Fakulti Pendidikan Dan Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai. Journal of Technical, Vocational & Engineering Educational, 3.
58. Sriwihajriyah, N., Ruskan, E. L., & Ibrahim, A. (2012). Sistem Pembelajaran Dengan E-Learning Untuk Persiapan Ujian Nasional Pada SMA Pusri Palembang. Sriwijaya Journal of Information Systems, 4(1), 130941.
59. Stapa, M. A., Ibrahim, M., & Yusoff, A. (2017). Kolaborasi Dalam Pendidikan Vokasional: Mewujudkan Pembelajaran Teradun Melalui Teknologi Web 2.0. Journal of ICT in Education, 4, 35-51.
60. Sujaihah, A. H. (2003). Sistem Pembelajaran Interaktif Berasaskan Web Untuk Prasekolah (WILSP). (Doctoral dissertation, University of Malaya).
61. Sulaiman, E. (2004.) Pengenalan Pedagogi. Penerbit UTM.
62. Supramaniyam, V. (2015). Penggunaan Teknologi Maklumat Dan Komunikasi (Tmk) Dalam Kalangan Guru-Guru Mata Pelajaran Kemahiran Hidup Di Sekolah Rendah Luar Bandar Negeri Johor (Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia).
63. Syahyudin, D. (2019). Pengaruh Gadget Terhadap Pola Interaksi Sosial dan Komunikasi Siswa. Gunahumas, 2(1), 272-282.
64. Taib, S. H., Ismail, M. A., & Lubis, M. A. L. A. (2020). Inovasi Kesepaduan Dan Strategi Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Asean Comparative Education Research Journal On Islam And Civilization (ACER-J). eISSN2600-769X, 3(2), 38-54.
65. Talaat, A. Z. M. A., Ishak, A. A., & Rosli, R. M. (2020). Medium Pembelajaran Sokongan: Kesediaan Pelajar Diploma Pengurusan Logistik dan Rangkaian Bekalan terhadap Penggunaan Aplikasi iHUB. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 2(4), 54-67.
66. Talesra, H., Sharma, U. S., & Shukul, M. (2003). Challenges Of Education: Technology, Trends, Globalisation. Authorspress.
67. Tuncay, N., & Uzunboylu, H. (2010). Anxiety And Resistance In Distance Learning. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 5(2), 142-150.
68. Wandler, J. B., & Imbriale, W. J. (2017). Promoting Undergraduate Student Self-Regulation In Online Learning Environments. Online Learning, 21(2), n2.
69. Wiersma, W. (1995). Research Methods in Education: An Introduction. Boston: Allyn Bacon Inc.
70. Yahaya, M., Hanafiah, R., Zakaria, N. S., Osman, R., & Bahrin, K. A. (2020). Amalan Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21 (PAK21) Dalam Pengajaran Dan Pemudahcaraan (PdPc) Guru-Guru Sekolah Rendah. Jurnal IPDA, 26(1), 13-24.
71. Yusup, H. (2012). Penggunaan e-Pembelajaran dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran yang Berkesan (Doctoral dissertation, Asia e University).
72. Zhu, M., Bonk, C. J., & Sari, A. R. (2018). Instructor Experiences Designing MOOCs in Higher Education: Pedagogical, Resource, and Logistical Considerations and Challenges. online learning, 22(4), 203-241.