1. Agensi Kelayakan Malaysia. 2020. Daftar Kelayakan Malaysia. https://www.mqa.gov.my/mqr/akrbyipta.cfm.
2. AziziYahaya danBadrulzaman Baharom.2007.Persekitaran Keluarga dan Kesannya Terhadap Tingkah Laku Devian Remaja.Journal of Science & Mathematics Education, 1-26.
3. Cherlin, A.J. 2008. Public & Private Families: An Introduction. (5thEdition). Michigan: McGraw-Hill.
4. Cloward, R. 1959. Illegitimate Means, Anomie, and Deviant Behavior.American Sociological Review,24(2), 164-176. Dipetik pada 2 September 2020, daripada http://www.jstor.org/stable/2089427.
5. Daniel, A. 2005. An Exploration of Middle and High School Students’ Perceptions of Deviant Behavior When Using Computers and the Internet. The Journal of Technology Studies, 31(1/2), 70-80. Dipetik pada 15 Julai 2020. www.jstor.org/stable/43604055.
6. Hilderbrand, V. 1997. Parenting: Rewards and Responsibilities(Enrichment Activities: 5th Edition). McGraw-Hill Book Company.
7. Jack Katz. 1972. Deviance, Charisma, and Rule-Defined Behavior,Social Problems, Volume 20, Issue 2, Autumn, Pages 186–202, Dipetik pada 25 Julai 2020.https://doi.org/10.2307/799613.
8. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. Statistik Pendidikan Tinggi 2018. Makro Institusi Pendidikan
9. Tinggi. Diakses pada 25 Julai 2020. https://www.moe.gov.my/muat-turun/laporan-danstatistik/pendidikan-tinggi/buku-perangkaan/2018-10/2401-statistik-pendidikan-tinggi2018-bab-1-pdf/file. 10. Lanctôt, N., & Le Blanc, M. 2002. Explaining Deviance by Adolescent Females.Crime and Justice,29, 113-202. Dipetik pada 15 Julai, 2020, daripada www.jstor.org/stable/1147708.
11. Meier, R. 1982. Perspectives on the Concept of Social Control. Annual Review of Sociology, 8, 35-55. Dipetik pada 14 Julai 2020. www.jstor.org/stable/2945987.
12. Mohd Sufiean Hassan, Maizatul Haizan Mahbob & Mohd. Helmi Abd. Rahim. 2018. Skala Psikometrik: Perspektif Kawalan Sosial Tidak Formal dan Pengukuhan Nilai Integriti GolonganMuda. Jurnal Komunikasi. Malaysian Journal ofCommunication (MJC) UKM Press: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 34 (4), 232-249.
13. Nik Nursyahirah Nik Nordin & Mohd Nasir Selamat. 2018. Tingkah Laku Delikuen Pelajar dan Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi. Jurnal Wawasan Sarjana. Jilid 2 (1). 1-9. Fakulti Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
14. Nur Hafizah Yusoff. 2018. Kawalan Sosial. Slaid. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
15. Portal Rasmi Kementerian Belia Dan Sukan. 2020. Dasar Pembangunan Belia Malaysia 1997. Dipetik pada 18 Ogos 2020. http://www.kbs.gov.my/akta-dasar/dasar.html.
16. Remmling, G.W. 1975. Sociology of Karl Mannheim. First Edition. Hlm. 1-22, 111-119, 122-125. London: Routledge & K. Paul Publisher.
17. Sampson, R. 1986. Crime in Cities: The Effects of Formal and Informal Social Control.Crime and Justice,8, 271-311. Dipetik pada 14 Julai 2020, daripada www.jstor.org/stable/1147430.
18. Thio. A.C., Taylor J.D., & Schwartz M.D. 2013. Deviant Behavior(11thEdition). Pearson: USA.
19. Wahrman, Ralph. 1970. “Status, Deviance, and Sanctions.”The Pacific Sociological Review, 13 (4), 229–240.Dipetik pada 15 Julai 2020, daripada www.jstor.org/stable/1388454.
20. Young, K. 1946. The Handbook of Social Psychology. Cetak ulang 2000. Ed.3. Hlm. 93-119. London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
21. Zakiyah Jamaluddin & Ismail Kiprawi.2004.Ikatan dan kawalan ibu bapa terhadap tingkah laku delinkuens.Seminar Antarabangsa Nilai dalam Komuniti Pasca Modenisme (SIVIC 2004), 4-6 September 2004, Hotel City Bayview Langkawi.