Hubungan demografi terhadap tahap pengetahuan amalan baik pembajaan oleh pekebun kecil sawit di Malaysia
List of Authors
  • Khairuman Hashim , Novel Lyndon , Tan, Say Peng

Keyword
  • Tahap pengetahuan, amalan baik pembajaan, amalan pertanian baik, pekebun kecil persendirian

Abstract
  • Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq), tanaman asli yang berasal dari Afrika Barat yang menghasilkan minyak sayuran tropika paling produktif di seluruh dunia. Pada awal tahun 1870an, pihak British telah membawa baka sawit daripada Afrika ke Malaysia sebagai tanaman hiasan. Seorang pedagang Perancis, Henri Fauconnier bertanggungjawab menanam sawit pertama secara komersil di negara ini pada tahun 1917 di Ladang Tennamaram, Selangor. Pengeluaran minyak sawit amat penting kepada ekonomi Malaysia dan dikenali sebagai pengeluar komoditi kedua terbesar di dunia selepas Indonesia. Sehingga kini terdapat 5.90 juta hektar tanaman sawit di negara ini. Sektor pekebun kecil persendirian (PKP) merupakan sektor penting yang mempunyai entiti pengeluaran berskala kecil. Secara amnya, sektor ini dilihat tidak cekap dan tidak produktif berbanding sistem pengeluaran sektor ladang. Ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya pendedahan dan pengetahuan dalam amalan baik pembajaan yang mempengaruhi pengeluaran buah tandan segar (BTS) yang rendah di kalangan PKP di Malaysia. Seramai 1,147 responden yang terdiri daripada PKP dipilih dalam kajian ini. Kajian dilakukan secara temubual bersemuka melibatkan latar belakang sosio-demografi, ciri-ciri kebun, pengetahuan dan amalan pembajaan yang mereka lakukan di kebun. Responden dipilih berdasarkan persampelan rawak dari setiap negeri di Malaysia. Hasil kajian mendapati majoriti responden terdiri daripada golongan lelaki berumur 45 hingga 69 tahun dengan tahap pendidikan mereka berada di sekolah menengah. Purata umur PKP ialah 55 tahun dengan purata pemilikan tanah 3.54 ha. PKP membelanjakan sebanyak RM1,019.19/hektar/tahun untuk pembelian baja dengan harga purata RM 87.77/50kg/beg. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa majoriti responden mempunyai pengetahuan asas mengenai amalan baik pembajaan. Namun begitu, kadar pembajaan oleh PKP masih dibawah paras minimum yang disyorkan.

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