In the context of the urgent need to cultivate creative talents in higher vocational education in China, quantitative analysis methods were used for higher vocational students in Shandong, China (N=3603). SPSS software was used to conduct independent sample t-test and one-way variance analysis to complete the difference analysis of the two variables of creative self-efficacy (CSE) and creativity (CR). The study found that the overall level of creativity and CSE of higher vocational students was average. The average score and each dimension of male CSE were significantly higher than those of female higher vocational students. Gender significantly affected the CSE of higher vocational students and had a certain impact on CR. CSE and CR were affected by family economic conditions, family relationship atmosphere, and parents' highest education level. Innovation and entrepreneurship competitions and entrepreneurial activities can effectively promote students' CSE and CR. The conclusion is that there are significant differences in CSE and CR among higher vocational students in Shandong, China in terms of gender, family economic conditions, family relationship atmosphere, and parents' education level, et al. In the process of cultivating creativity, attention should be paid to gender differences. Parents should constantly learn new knowledge to improve themselves, and at the same time create a good family relationship atmosphere and economic conditions to promote the improvement of students' CSE and creativity. Schools should encourage students to participate in innovation and entrepreneurship competitions and guide them to engage in entrepreneurial activities.