Kepentingan pelaburan langsung luar negara dalam model china dan impaknya terhadap kuasa lunak China
List of Authors
  • Mohd Ikbal Mohd Huda , Siti Hasmah Yahya , Sity Daud

Keyword
  • Kuasa lunak, Model China, Model Pembangunan Ekonomi, pelaburan langsung luar negara (ODI), reformasi dan liberalisasi ekonomi

Abstract
  • Pengalaman pembangunan ekonomi China pasca pelaksanaan reformasi dan liberalisasi ekonomi pada Disember 1978 membawa kepada pertumbuhan ekonomi yang menakjubkan dalam sejarah pembangunan China. Antara penekanan yang diberikan dalam reformasi dan liberalisasi ekonomi tersebut adalah keterbukaan industri dan perkembangan eksport dengan memberi ruang kepada pasaran, namun masih dalam kawalan ketat oleh negara. Sejak itu juga mula muncul istilah Model China dalam menjelaskan proses pembangunan ekonominya. Kebangkitan China sebagai hegemoni ekonomi baharu dunia dapat dilihat melalui strategi pelaburan langsung luar negara (ODI) yang mengintegrasikan China ke dalam ekonomi antarabangsa. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis Model China sebagai mekanisme yang memacu pertumbuhan ekonomi serta membincangkan kepentingan ODI dalam Model China berdasarkan perkembangan penulisan kajian-kajian terdahulu. Kajian dijalankan dengan mengaplikasikan kaedah kualitatif. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, hasil kajian mendapati Model China merupakan strategi penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi China. Manakala ODI pula bukan sahaja salah satu faktor dominan dalam perkembangan Model China tetapi juga sebagai instrumen penting dalam strategi kuasa lunak China. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini mengetengahkan kepentingan Model China yang membawa keajaiban dalam pembangunan ekonomi China dan menyumbang kepada korpus ilmu tentang peri pentingnya pengalaman pembangunan ekonomi China yang boleh dijadikan panduan kepada negara-negara membangun yang lain untuk merangka strategi pembangunan ekonomi masing-masing.

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