This paper examines the role of corporate governance in enhancing the quality of financial reporting, especially for Chinese listed companies. In recent years, financial reporting quality has received extensive attention from regulators, investors and academics, as it directly affects market efficiency and corporate sustainability. Based on data from China's A-share market, we use regression analysis to investigate the impact of governance factors such as board independence, executive shareholding ratio and corporate governance index (G-index) on financial reporting quality. The findings indicate that a good corporate governance structure significantly improves financial reporting quality, especially in terms of increasing the transparency of information disclosure and reducing surplus management. The paper further verifies that corporate governance positively affects firm performance by improving financial reporting quality and thus firm performance. Based on these findings, this paper proposes policy recommendations for Chinese firms and regulators to further strengthen the relationship between corporate governance and financial reporting quality in order to promote the long-term healthy development of the market.