A new situational awareness concept with culture and moral values: A knowledge-based framework for un military observers
List of Authors
  • Ananthan. S , Wan Su Emi Yusnita Wan Yusof

Keyword
  • Culture, Endsley, framework, guideline, Nonaka, knowledge, moral value, peacekeeping, United Nations

Abstract
  • In peacekeeping missions, military observers (MILOBs) accumulate extensive tacit knowledge through direct experience, which often remains internalized unless effectively transferred into explicit knowledge. This study develops a knowledge-based framework to enhance situational awareness among Malaysian military observers by systematically capturing and structuring this tacit knowledge. The framework integrates Nonaka’s SECI model and Endsley’s situational awareness model, supplemented with two new conceptual dimensions: culture and moral values. By focusing on the unique experiences and situational challenges faced by observers, this framework serves as a comprehensive guide to support knowledge sharing and informed decision-making in peacekeeping operations.

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