1. Antonucci,T. Ajrouch K. & Birditt, K. (2013) The Convoy Model: Explaining Social Relations from a Multi-Perspective. Institude of Social Research. Sage Publication.
2. Auerbach, A. et.al., (1989). The Dynamics of an Aging Population: The Case of Four OECD Countries. National Bureau of Economic Research.
3. Balmer, N., Pleasence, P., Buck, A. and Walker, H. (2005). Worried sick: the experience of debt problems and their relationship with health, illness and disability, Social Policy & Society.
4. Barker, G. and Hancock, R. (2000). The income dimension, in Hirsch, D. (ed.), Life After 50: Issues for policy and research, York Publishing Services, York, pp 44-91.
5. Barlow, A., Burgoyne, C., Clery, E. and Smithson, J. (2008). Cohabitation and the law: myths, money and the media, in Park, A., Curtice, J., Thomson, K., Phillips, M., Johnson, M. & Clery, E. (eds), British Social Attitudes: The 24th report, Sage, London, pp 29-51.
6. Bradley, R. H. (2007). Parenting in the breach. How parents help children cope with developmentally challenging circumstances. Parenting: Science and practice, 7(2), 99-148.
7. Burgoyne, C. and Morison, V. (1997) Money in remarriage: keeping things simple – and separate, Sociological Review, 44, 363-95.
8. Burkhauser, R. (1994). Public policies for the working poor: The earned income tax credit vs. minimum wage legislation.
9. Burkhauser, R., Holden, K. and Feaster, D. (1988). Incidence, timing, and events associated with poverty: a dynamic view of poverty in retirement. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 45, S46-S52.
10. Burkhauser, R., Holden, K. and Myers, D. (1986). Marital disruptions and poverty: the role of survey procedures in artificially creating poverty, Demography, 23, 621-3
11. Carmichael, F. and Charles, S. (1998). The labour market costs of community care. Journal of Health Economics, 17, 747-65
12. Chen M. (2001). Perpetual mourning: widowhood in rural India. Oxford University.
13. Chesson, R. and Todd, C. (1996). Bereaved carers: recognising their needs. Elderly Care, 16-18.
14. Clandinin & Connelly (2000). Narrative Inquiry: Experience and Story in Qualitative Research. Jossey-Bass, Inc.
15. Creswell, J. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design (2nd Ed,). Sage Publication.
16. Creswell & Miller (2002). Validity in Qualitative Evaluation: Linking Purposes, Paradigms, and Perspectives. International Journal of Qualitative Methods
17. Corden, A., Sainsbury, R. and Sloper, P. (2001). Financial Implications of the Death of a Child. Family Policy Studies Centre, London.
18. Couch, K. A., Tamborini, C. R., Reznik, G. L., & Phillips, J. W. (2011). Impact of DH.
19. Department of Health (2008). Tackling Health Inequalities: 2007 status report on the programme for action. Health Inequalities Unit, Department of Health, London.
20. Disney, R., Grundy, E. and Johnson, P. (eds) (1997). The Dynamics of Retirement. Research Report No 77, Department of Social Security, The Stationery Office, London.
21. Dorling, D. (1997). Death in Britain: How local mortality rates have changed: 1950s to 1990s. Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York Publishing Services, York.
22. Eboh L. & Boye, T (2005). Widowhood in African Society and its effects on women's health.
23. Elwert F, Christakis NA (2006). Widowhood and Race. American Sociological Review. 006;71:16–41.
24. Evandrou, M. & Glaser K. (2003). Combining work and family life: the pension penalty of caring. Ageing & Society, 23, 583-601.
25. Feinberg, L. (2009). I’m grieving as fast as I can: How young widows and widowers can cope and heal (10th reprint). Far Hills, NJ: New Horizon Press.
26. Gentry, J., Kennedy, P., Paul, C. & Hill, R. (1995). Family transitions during grief: discontinuities in household consumption patterns. Journal of Business Research, 67-79.
27. Gillen M. & Kim, H. (2009). Older Women and Poverty Transition: Consequences of Income Source Changes From Widowhood. Sage Publication
28. Ginsburg, G. D. (1997). Widow to widow: Thoughtful, practical ideas for rebuilding your life (Rev. ed.). Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press.
29. Goode, William J. (1960). "A Theory of Role Strain". American Sociological Review. 25 (4): 483–496.
30. Haine, R., Wolchik, S., Sandler, I., Millsap, R. & Ayers, T. (2006). Positive parenting as a protective resource for parentally bereaved children. Journal of Health & Social Behavior, 52(2), 145-161
31. Hansson, R. and Stroebe, M. (2006) Bereavement in Late Life: Development, coping, and adaptation, American Psychological Association, Washington.
32. Henz, U. (2004). The effects of informal care on paid work participation in Great Britain: a life course perspective, Ageing & Society, 24, 851-80.
33. Holden, K. C., & Smock, P. J. (1991). The economic costs of marital dissolution: Why do women bear a disproportionate cost?. Annual Review of Sociology, 17, 51-78.
34. Holden, K., Burkhauser, R. and Myers, D. (1986). Income transitions at older stages of life: the dynamics of poverty, The Gerontologist, 26, 292-97.
35. Hooyman, N. R. & Kramer, B. J. (2006). Living through loss: interventions across the life span. Columbia University Press.
36. Hurd, M. and Wise, D. (1989). The wealth and poverty of widows: assets before and after the husband’s death, in Wise, D. (ed.), The Economics of Aging Up, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 177-200.
37. Jamadar, C, Melkere, D., Holkar, A (2015). Quality of Life Among Widows. The International Journal of Indian Psychology
38. Jenkinson, A. (2003). Past Caring: The beginning not the end, Promenade Publishing, Edinburgh Journal on African Health Science; 5(4):348
39. Kemp, P., Bradshaw, J., Dornan, P., Finch, N. & Mayhew, E. (2004). Routes Out of Poverty: A research review, Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York Publishing Services, York.
40. Kwok, O., Haine, R., Sandler, I., Ayers, T., Wolchik, S. & Tein, J. (2005). Positive parenting as a mediator of the relations between parent psychological distress and mental health problems of parentally bereaved children. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology, 34(2), 260-271.
41. Levy, J. and Payne, M. (2006). Welfare rights advocacy in a specialist health and social care setting: a service audit. British Journal of Social Work, 36, 323-31.
42. Lillard, L. and Waite, L. (1995). 'Til death do us part: marital disruption and mortality American Journal of Sociology, 100, 1131-56.
43. Lin, K. K., Sandler, I.N., Ayers, T. S., Wolchik, S.A. & Luecken, L. J. (2004). Resilience in parentally bereaved children and adolescents seeking preventive services. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology, 33(4), 673-683.
44. Lowe, M. E. & McClement, S. E. (2011). Spousal bereavement: The lived experience of young Canadian widows. OMEGA, 62(2), 127-148.
45. Lutzke, J. R., Ayers, T. S., Sandler, I.N. & Barr, A. (1997). Risk and interventions for theparentally bereaved child In S. A. Wolchik & I.N.Sandler (Eds.), Handbook of children’s cping with common life stressors: Linking theory , research, and intervention (pp. 215-243). New York: Plenum
46. Mallan, L. B. (1975). Young widows and their children: A Social comparative report.
47. Mannan A. (2001). Widowhood and poverty: well being and survival in rural Bangladesh. Dhaka: Grameen Trust.
48. Martikainen, P. and Valkonen, T. (1998). Do education and income buffer the effects of death of spouse on mortality? Epidemiology, 9, 530-34
49. McGoldrick, M. & Walsh, F. (2004). A time to mourn: death and the family life cycle. Walsh & M. McGoldrick (Eds.), Living beyond loss: death in the family (2nd ed.)(pp. 27-46), New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
50. McLaughlin, E. and Ritchie, J. (1994). Legacies of caring: the experiences and circumstances of ex-carers. Health and Social Care in the Community, 2, 241-53
51. Mitchell, R., Shaw, M. and Dorling, D. (2000). Inequalities in Life and Death: What if Britain were more equal?. Joseph Rowntree Foundation, Policy Press, Bristol.
52. Morgan, L. (1981). Economic change at mid-life widowhood: a longitudinal analysis. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 43, 899-907
53. Morgan, L. A. (1986). The financial experience of widowed women: Evidence from the LRHS. The Gerontologist, 26, 663-668
54. Munnell, A (2004). Why are so many older women poor? Center for Retirement Research.
55. Murdoch, M., Guarnaccia, C., Hayslip, B. & McKibbin, C. (1998). The contribution of small life events to the psychological distress of married and widowed older women. Journal of Women & Aging, 10, 3-22.
56. O’Bryant, S. & Morgan, L. (1989) Financial experience and well-being among mature widowed women. The Gerontologist
57. Pai, M., & Barrett, A. E. (2007). Long-term payoffs of work? Women's past involvement parents with school-age children. OMEGA--Journal of Death & Dying
58. Parkes, C. (1996). Bereavement: Studies of grief in adult life (3rd edition). Routledge, London.
59. Price, D. (2006). Gender and generational continuity: breadwinners, caregivers and pension provision in the UK. International Journal of Ageing and Later Life.
60. Price, D. (2007). Closing the gender gap in retirement income: what difference will recent UK pension reforms make?. Journal of Social policy, 36, 561-83.
61. Rodger, M. L., Sherwood, P., O’Connor & M., Leslie, G. (2007). Living beyond the unanticipated sudden death of a partner: A phenomenological study. OMEGA.
62. Rolls, L. & Payne, S. A. (2007). Children and young people’s experiences of UK childhood bereavement services. Mortality.
63. Saldana, J. (2016). The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researcher (3rd Ed.). Sage Publication.
64. Saldinger, A., Porterfield, K. & Cain, A. C. (2004). Meeting the needs of parentally bereaved children: A framework for child-centered parenting. Psychiatry.
65. Sander et.al (2008). Parentally Bereaved Children's Grief: Self-System Beliefs as Mediators of the Relations between Grief and Stressors and Caregiver–Child Relationship Quality. Death Studies.
66. Sander et.al (2008). Resilience Rather Than Recovery: A Contextual Framework on Adaptation Following Bereavement. Death Studies.
67. Sandell Howard & M. Iams (1997 Projecting Social Security earnings: past is prologue. Social Security Bulletin.
68. Sandell Howard & M. Iams (1998). Reducing women's poverty by shifting social security benefits from retired couples to widows. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management.
69. Scannell-Desch, E. A. (2005). Prebereavement and postbereavement struggles and triumphs of midlife widows. Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing.
70. Sevak, P. Weir, D. & Willis, R. (2003). The Economic Consequences of a Husband's Death. Social Security Bulletin.
71. Shaffer, S. L. (1993). Young widows: Rebuilding identity and personal growth following spousal loss. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of San Francisco.
72. Shapiro, E. R. (1996). Family bereavement and cultural diversity: A social developmental perspective. Family Process.
73. Shaw, M., Davey Smith, G. and Dorling, D. (2005). Health inequalities and New Labour: how the promises compare with real progress British Medical Journal.
74. Silverman, P. & Worden, J. W. (1993). Children’s reactions to the death of a parent.
75. Stroebe, M., Hansson R., Schut, H. & Stroebe, W. (2008), Handbook of bereavement: Theory, research and intervention. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
76. Smith, K. R., & Zick, C. D. (1986). The incidence of poverty among the recently Disabled People’s Costs of Living: ‘More than you think’. Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York Publishing Services, York.
77. Smith, N. and Middleton, S. (2007). A Review of Poverty Dynamics Research in the UK. Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York Publishing Services, York.
78. Stokes, J., Pennington, J., Monroe, B., Papadatou, D. & Reif, M. (1999). Developing services for bereaved children: A discussion of the theoretical and practical issues involved.
79. Stroebe, M. Schut, H. & Stroebe . (2007). Review Health outcomes of bereavement.
80. Tennan, R., Webster, S., Callanan, M., Maher, J. and O’Connor, W. (2007) Helping Older People Engage With Benefits and Services: An evaluation of the Partnership Fund. Department for Work and Pensions Research Report No 441, Corporate Document Services, Leeds.
81. Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental.
82. United Nations Statement for International Widows Day (2014). Secretary-General's message on International Widow's Day. Retrieved from: https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2014-06-23/secretary-generals-message-international-widows-day-scroll-down
83. Walter, T. (1996). A new model of grief: Bereavement and biography. Mortality.
84. Walsh, F. (2004). Spirituality, death, and loss. New York, NY: Norton
85. Weaver, D. A. (2010). Widows and social security. Social Security Bulletin.
86. Weir, D. & Willis, R (2000). Prospects of Widow Poverty. University of Pennsylvania Press.
87. Willets, R. et. al (2004) Longevity in the 21st century. British Actuarial Journal
88. Wong, S. (2005). The Human Rights Act 1998 and the shared home: issues for cohabitants. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 27, 265-79.
89. Worden, J. W. (2009). Grief counseling and grief therapy: A handbook for the mental health practitioner (4th ed.). New York: Springer Publishing Company.
90. Worden, J. W., & Silverman, P. S. (1993). Grief and depression in newly widowed. New York: Springer Publishing Company.
91. World Health Organization (1996). Measuring Quality of Life.
92. Wortman, C. B. & Lehman D. R. (1985). Reactions to victims of life crisis: Support attempts that fail. In I. G. Sarason & B. R. Sarason (Eds.), Social support: Theory, research and applications (pp. 463-489). Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff.
93. Zick, C. and Smith, K. (1986). Immediate and delayed effects of widowhood on poverty: patterns from the 1970s, The Gerontologist.
94. Merriam Webster (2021). Retrieved from dated February 2, 2021: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/married-life#:~:text=(%CB%88m%C3%A6r%C9%AAd%20la%C9%AAf),which%20married%20life%20can%20bring