1. Abed, S. S. (2020). Social commerce adoption using TOE framework: An empirical investigation of Saudi Arabian SMEs. International Journal of Information Management, 53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102118
2. Acharya, A., Singh, S. K., Pereira, V., & Singh, P. (2018). Big data, knowledge co-creation and decision making in fashion industry. International Journal of Information Management, 42(May), 90–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.06.008
3. Adomako, S., & Ahsan, M. (2022). Entrepreneurial passion and SMEs’ performance: Moderating effects of financial resource availability and resource flexibility. Journal of Business Research, 144, 122-135
4. Agyapong, A., Maaledidong, P. D., & Mensah, H. K. (2020). Performance outcome of entrepreneurial behavior of SMEs in a developing economy: the role of international mindset. Journal of Strategy and Management, 14(2), 227–245. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-07-2020-0173
5. Ahani, A., Rahim, N. Z. A., & Nilashi, M. (2017). Firm performance through social Customer Relationship Management: Evidence from small and medium enterprises. International Conference on Research and Innovation in Information Systems, ICRIIS. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRIIS.2017.8002533
6. Aidoo, S. O., Agyapong, A., Acquaah, M., & Akomea, S. Y. (2021). The performance implications of strategic responses of SMEs to the covid-19 pandemic: Evidence from an African economy. Africa Journal of Management, 7(1), 74–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2021.1878810
7. Ainin, S., Parveen, F., Moghavvemi, S., Jaafar, N. I., & Shuib, N. L. M. (2015). Factors influencing the use of social media by SMEs and its performance outcomes. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 115(3), 570–588. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-07-2014-0205
8. Alkateeb, M. A., & Abdalla, R. A. (2021). Social media adoption and its impact on smes performance a case study of Palestine. Estudios de Economia Aplicada, 39(7). https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v39i7.4872
9. Alraja, Mansour Naser, et al. "Technological innovation, sustainable green practices and SMEs sustainable performance in times of crisis (COVID-19 pandemic)." Information Systems Frontiers (2022): 1-25.
10. Alrousan, M. K., Al-Adwan, A. S., Al-Madadha, A., & Al Khasawneh, M. H. (2020). Factors affecting the adoption of e-marketing by decision makers in SMEs: Evidence from Jordan. International Journal of E-Business Research, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEBR.2020010101
11. Alshamaila, Y., Papagiannidis, S., & Li, F. (2013). Cloud computing adoption by SMEs in the north east of England: A multi-perspective framework. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 26(3), 250–275. https://doi.org/10.1108/17410391311325225
12. AlSharji, A., Ahmad, S. Z., & Abu Bakar, A. R. (2018). Understanding social media adoption in SMEs: Empirical evidence from the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 10(2), 302–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-08-2017-0058
13. Amini, M. (2016). Cloud Computing Adoption by SMEs in the Malaysia: A Multi-Perspective Framework based on DOI Theory and TOE Framework. 9(2). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308612049
14. Avery, G. C., & Bergsteiner, H. (2011). Sustainable leadership practices for enhancing business resilience and performance. Strategy & Leadership, 39(3), 5–15. https://doi.org/10.1108/10878571111128766
15. Awa, H. O., Ojiabo, O. U., & Emecheta, B. C. (2015). Integrating TAM, TPB and TOE frameworks and expanding their characteristic constructs for e-commerce adoption by SMEs. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 6(1), 76–94. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-04-2014-0012
16. Badi, S., Ochieng, E., Nasaj, M., & Papadaki, M. (2021). Technological, organisational and environmental determinants of smart contracts adoption: UK construction sector viewpoint. Construction Management and Economics, 39(1), 36–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2020.1819549
17. Baiyere, A., & Salmela, H. (2013). Information Systems : Transforming the Future 24 th Australasian Conference on Information Systems , 4-6 December 2013 , Melbourne Proudly sponsored by information infrastructures. 24th Australasian Conference on Information Systems, December, 4–6.
18. Baker, R. W. (Richard W. (2012). Membrane technology and applications. John Wiley & Sons.
19. Benson, K. E., Wang, G., Venkatasubramanian, N., & Kim, Y. J. (2018). Ride: A resilient IoT data exchange middleware leveraging SDN and edge cloud resources. Proceedings - ACM/IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things Design and Implementation, IoTDI 2018, 72–83. https://doi.org/10.1109/IoTDI.2018.00017
20. Bhatiasevi, V., & Naglis, M. (2020). Elucidating the determinants of business intelligence adoption and organizational performance. Information Development, 36(1), 78–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266666918811394
21. Brah, S. A., & Lim, H. Y. (2006). The effects of technology and TQM on the performance of logistics companies. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 36(3), 192–209. https://doi.org/10.1108/09600030610661796
22. Carcary, M., Maccani, G., Doherty, E., & Conway, G. (2018). Exploring the determinants of IoT adoption: Findings from a systematic literature review. In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing (Vol. 330). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99951-7_8
23. Carr, A. S., & Pearson, J. N. (1999). Strategically managed buyer-supplier relationships and performance outcomes. In Journal of Operations Management (Vol. 17).
24. Chan, F. T. S., Yee-Loong Chong, A., & Zhou, L. (2012). An empirical investigation of factors affecting e-collaboration diffusion in SMEs. International Journal of Production Economics, 138(2), 329–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2012.04.004
25. Chandra, S., & Kumar, K. N. (2018). Exploring factors influencing organizational adoption of augmented reality in e-commerce: Empirical analysis using technology-organization-environment model. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 19(3), 237–265.
26. Chatterjee, S., Rana, N. P., Dwivedi, Y. K., & Baabdullah, A. M. (2021). Understanding AI adoption in manufacturing and production firms using an integrated TAM-TOE model. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 170(May), 120880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120880
27. Chau, N. T., Deng, H., & Tay, R. (2021). A perception-based model for mobile commerce adoption in Vietnamese small and medium-sized enterprises. Journal of Global Information Management, 29(1), 44–67. https://doi.org/10.4018/JGIM.2021010103
28. Chege, S. M., & Wang, D. (2020). The influence of technology innovation on SME performance through environmental sustainability practices in Kenya. Technology in Society, 60(June 2019), 101210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2019.101210
29. Chen, Y., Yan, X., Fan, W., & Gordon, M. (2015). The joint moderating role of trust propensity and gender on consumers’ online shopping behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 43, 272–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.10.020
30. Chiappetta Jabbour, C. J., Fiorini, P. D. C., Ndubisi, N. O., Queiroz, M. M., & Piato, É. L. (2020). Digitally-enabled sustainable supply chains in the 21st century: A review and a research agenda. Science of the Total Environment, 725, 138177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138177
31. Cho, J., Cheon, Y., Jun, J. W., & Lee, S. (2022). Digital advertising policy acceptance by out-of-home advertising firms: a combination of TAM and TOE framework. International Journal of Advertising, 41(3), 500–518. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2021.1888562
32. Chowdhury, M., Prayag, G., Orchiston, C., & Spector, S. (2019). Postdisaster Social Capital, Adaptive Resilience and Business Performance of Tourism Organizations in Christchurch, New Zealand. Journal of Travel Research, 58(7), 1209–1226. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287518794319
33. Clohessy, T., & Acton, T. (2019). Investigating the influence of organizational factors on blockchain adoption: An innovation theory perspective. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 119(7), 1457–1491. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-08-2018-0365
34. Commer, P. J., Sci, S., Hussain, A., Abdullah, O. Y., Shahzad, A., Othman, R. H., Abdullah, Y., & Doski, S. A. M. (2021). COVID-19 Impact on B2B E-Commerce: A Multi-Group Analysis of Sports and Surgical SME’s. In Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (Vol. 15, Issue 1).
35. Cruz-Jesus, F., Pinheiro, A., & Oliveira, T. (2019). Understanding CRM adoption stages: empirical analysis building on the TOE framework. Computers in Industry, 109, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2019.03.007
36. Dadhich, M., & Hiran, K. K. (2022). Empirical investigation of extended TOE model on Corporate Environment Sustainability and dimensions of operating performance of SMEs: A high order PLS-ANN approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 363, 132309.
37. Daoud, L., Marei, A., Al-Jabaly, S. M., & Aldaas, A. A. (2021). Moderating the role of top management commitment in usage of computer-assisted auditing techniques. Accounting, 7(2), 457–468. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ac.2020.11.005
38. Dewi, M. A. A., Hidayanto, A. N., Purwandari, B., Kosandi, M., & Budi, N. F. A. (2018). Smart city readiness model based on technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework and its effect on adoption decision. Proceedings of the 22nd Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems - Opportunities and Challenges for the Digitized Society: Are We Ready?, PACIS 2018.
39. Dobrovic, J., Lambovska, M., Gallo, P., & Timkova, V. (2018). Non-Financial Indicators and Their Importance I. Journal of Competitiveness, 10(2), 41–55. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2018.02.03
40. EconomicSurvey. 2019. Economic Survey of Pakistan. Islamabad: Finance division, Governmnet of Pakistan, Available online: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/17014 (accessed on 28 September 2021).
41. Effendi, M. I., Sugandini, D., & Istanto, Y. (2020). Social Media Adoption in SMEs Impacted by COVID-19: The TOE Model*. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(11), 915–925. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no11.915
42. Ehie, I. C., & Chilton, M. A. (2020). Understanding the influence of IT/OT Convergence on the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) in manufacturing organizations: An empirical investigation. Computers in Industry, 115, 103166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2019.103166
43. Eze, S. C., Olatunji, S., Chinedu-Eze, V. C., & Bello, A. O. (2018). Key success factors influencing SME managers’ information behaviour on emerging ICT (EICT) adoption decision-making in UK SMEs. Bottom Line, 31(3–4), 250–275. https://doi.org/10.1108/BL-02-2018-0008
44. Florida, R., & Davison, D. (2001). Gaining from green management: environmental management systems inside and outside the factory. California management review, 43(3), 64-84.
45. Gangwar, H., Date, H., & Ramaswamy, R. (2015). Understanding determinants of cloud computing adoption using an integrated TAM-TOE model. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 28(1), 107–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-08-2013-0065
46. Gillani, F., Chatha, K. A., Sadiq Jajja, M. S., & Farooq, S. (2020). Implementation of digital manufacturing technologies: Antecedents and consequences. International Journal of Production Economics, 229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107748
47. Grover, V., & Goslar, M. D. (1993). The initiation, adoption, and implementation of telecommunications technologies in U.S. organizations. Journal of Management Information Systems, 10(1), 141–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1993.11517994
48. Gui, A., Fernando, Y., Shaharudin, M. S., Mokhtar, M., Karmawan, I. G. M., & Suryanto. (2020). Cloud computing adoption using toe framework for Indonesia’s micro small medium enterprises. International Journal on Informatics Visualization, 4(4), 237–242. https://doi.org/10.30630/joiv.4.4.458
49. Hamm, P., & Klesel, M. (2021). Success factors for the adoption of artificial intelligence in organizations: A literature review. 27th Annual Americas Conference on Information Systems, AMCIS 2021, August.
50. Hansen, E. B., & Bøgh, S. (2021). Artificial intelligence and internet of things in small and medium-sized enterprises: A survey. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 58(August 2020), 362–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2020.08.009
51. Hasan, S., Ali, M., Kurnia, S., & Thurasamy, R. (2021). Evaluating the cyber security readiness of organizations and its influence on performance. Journal of Information Security and Applications, 58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2020.102726
52. Haseeb, M., Hussain, H. I., Ślusarczyk, B., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2019a). Industry 4.0: A solution towards technology challenges of sustainable business performance. Social Sciences, 8(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8050154
53. Haseeb, M., Hussain, H. I., Ślusarczyk, B., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2019b). Industry 4.0: A solution towards technology challenges of sustainable business performance. Social Sciences, 8(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8050154
54. Hassani, A., & Mosconi, E. (2022). Social media analytics, competitive intelligence, and dynamic capabilities in manufacturing SMEs. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 175(November 2021), 121416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121416
55. Horváth, D., & Szabó, R. Z. (2019). Driving forces and barriers of Industry 4.0: Do multinational and small and medium-sized companies have equal opportunities? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146(June), 119–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.05.021
56. Hussain, A., Akbar, M., Shahzad, A., Poulova, P., Akbar, A., & Hassan, R. (2022). E-Commerce and SME Performance: The Moderating Influence of Entrepreneurial Competencies. Administrative Sciences, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12010013
57. Iacovou, C. L., Benbasat, I., & Dexter, A. S. (1995). Organizations : and Impact Adoption of Technology. MIS Quarterly, 19(4), 465–485.
58. Igwe, & Sunny R. (2020). Technology adoption and sales performance of manufacturing small and medium enterprises in port harcourt. Journal of Marketing Development, 5(1), 44–58.
59. Iii, B. W. B., Xiao, B., & Xiao, B. (2019). Association for Information Systems Organizational Adoption of Blockchain Technology : An Ecosystem Perspective Organizational Adoption of Blockchain Technology : An Ecosystem Perspective.
60. Islam, A. K. M. N., Whelan, E., & Brooks, S. (2020). Does multitasking computer self-efficacy mitigate the impact of social media affordances on overload and fatigue among professionals? Information Technology and People, 34(5), 1439–1461. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-10-2019-0548
61. J. Barney. (1991). RBV 1991.pdf.
62. Jayeola, O., Sidek, S., Rahman, A. A., Bali Mahomed, A. S., & Jimin, H. (2020). Contextual factors and strategic consequences of cloud enterprise resource planning (erp) adoption in Malaysian manufacturing SMEs: A conceptual framework. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 8(3), 176–201. https://doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/495
63. Jogaratnam, G. (2017). The effect of market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation and human capital on positional advantage: Evidence from the restaurant industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 60, 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.10.002
64. Johnk, J., Weißert, M., & Wyrtki, K. (2021). Ready or Not, AI Comes— An Interview Study of Organizational AI Readiness Factors. Business and Information Systems Engineering, 63(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-020-00676-7
65. Kahaner, L. (1997), Competitive Intelligence, Touchstone, New York, NY
66. Katebi, A., Homami, P., & Najmeddin, M. (2022). Acceptance model of precast concrete components in building construction based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Technology, Organization, and Environment (TOE) framework. Journal of Building Engineering, 45(July 2021), 103518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103518
67. Kiel, D., Arnold, C., & Voigt, K. I. (2017). The influence of the Industrial Internet of Things on business models of established manufacturing companies – A business level perspective. Technovation, 68(July), 4–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2017.09.003
68. Kulkarni, M., & Patil, K. (2020). Block chain technology adoption using toe framework. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(2), 1109–1117.
69. Kumar, S., Tiwari, P., & Zymbler, M. (2019). Internet of Things is a revolutionary approach for future technology enhancement: a review. Journal of Big Data, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-019-0268-2
70. Langley, D. J., van Doorn, J., Ng, I. C. L., Stieglitz, S., Lazovik, A., & Boonstra, A. (2021). The Internet of Everything: Smart things and their impact on business models. Journal of Business Research, 122(January 2020), 853–863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.12.035
71. Lawes, R. A., & Kingwell, R. S. (2012). A longitudinal examination of business performance indicators for drought-affected farms. Agricultural Systems, 106(1), 94–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2011.10.006
72. Malik, S., Chadhar, M., & Chetty, M. (2021). Factors affecting the organizational adoption of blockchain technology: An Australian perspective. Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2020-Janua, 5597–5606. https://doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2021.680
73. Maroufkhani, P., Iranmanesh, M., & Ghobakhloo, M. (2022). Determinants of big data analytics adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Industrial Management and Data Systems, February. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-11-2021-0695
74. Mei, L., Zhang, T., & Chen, J. (2019). Exploring the effects of inter-firm linkages on SMEs’ open innovation from an ecosystem perspective: An empirical study of Chinese manufacturing SMEs. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 144(April), 118–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.04.010
75. Mittal, S., Khan, M. A., Romero, D., & Wuest, T. (2018). A critical review of smart manufacturing & Industry 4.0 maturity models: Implications for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In Journal of Manufacturing Systems (Vol. 49, pp. 194–214). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2018.10.005
76. Mubarik, M. S., Devadason, E. S., & Govindaraju, C. (2020). Human capital and export performance of small and medium enterprises in Pakistan. International Journal of Social Economics, 47(5), 643–662. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-03-2019-0198
77. Nagy, J., Oláh, J., Erdei, E., Máté, D., & Popp, J. (2018). The role and impact of industry 4.0 and the internet of things on the business strategy of the value chain-the case of hungary. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103491
78. Nair, J., Chellasamy, A., & Singh, B. N. B. (2019). Readiness factors for information technology adoption in SMEs: testing an exploratory model in an Indian context. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 13(4), 694–718. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-09-2018-0254
79. Naveed, R. T., & Rehmani, M. (2022). Small and medium-sized enterprises failure in providing workers ’ rights concerning Sustainable Development Goals-2030 in Pakistan. October. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.927707
80. Ng, P. M. L., Lit, K. K., & Cheung, C. T. Y. (2022). Remote work as a new normal? The technology-organization-environment (TOE) context. Technology in Society, 70(June), 102022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.102022
81. Nilakant, V., Walker, B., Van Heugten, K., Baird, R., & De Vries, H. (2014). Research Note: Conceptualising Adaptive Resilience using Grounded Theory. New Zealand Journal of Employment Relations, 39(1), 79–86. https://search.proquest.com/docview/1620818935?accountid=31562
82. Nistor, A., & Zadobrischi, E. (2022). Analysis and Estimation of Economic Influence of IoT and Telecommunication in Regional Media Based on Evolution and Electronic Markets in Romania. 195–217.
83. Ocloo, C. E., Xuhua, H., Akaba, S., Shi, J., & Worwui-Brown, D. K. (2020). The Determinant Factors of Business to Business (B2B) E-Commerce Adoption in Small- and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Enterprises. Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 191–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/1097198X.2020.1792229
84. Parra, D. T., & Guerrero, C. D. (2020). Decision-making IoT adoption in SMEs from a technological perspective. Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies, CISTI, 2020-June(June), 24–27. https://doi.org/10.23919/CISTI49556.2020.9141045
85. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 2019. Available online: http://www.pbs.gov.pk/publications (accessed on 2 September 2021). PTA. 2015. Pakistan Tanners Association Annual Report 2015–2016. Available online: https://www.pakistantanners.org/documents/ pta_annual_report_2010_2011.pdf (accessed on 2 September 2021).
86. Pateli, A., Mylonas, N., & Spyrou, A. (2020). Organizational adoption of social media in the hospitality industry: An integrated approach based on DIT and TOE frameworks. Sustainability, 12(17), 7132.
87. Pillai, R., & Sivathanu, B. (2020). Adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) for talent acquisition in IT/ITeS organizations. Benchmarking, 27(9), 2599–2629. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-04-2020-0186
88. Pizam, A., Ozturk, A. B., Balderas-Cejudo, A., Buhalis, D., Fuchs, G., Hara, T., Meira, J., Revilla, R. G. M., Sethi, D., Shen, Y., State, O., Hacikara, A., & Chaulagain, S. (2022). Factors affecting hotel managers’ intentions to adopt robotic technologies: A global study. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 102(September 2021), 103139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2022.103139
89. Qalati, s. A., li, w., vela, e. G., bux, a., barbosa, b., & herzallah, a. M. (2020). Effects of Technological, Organizational, and Environmental Factors on Social Media Adoption. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(10), 989–998. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no10.989
90. Qalati, Sikandar Ali, Li, W., Ahmed, N., Mirani, M. A., & Khan, A. (2021). Examining the factors affecting sme performance: the mediating role of social media adoption. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010075
91. Qalati, Sikandar Ali, Ostic, D., Shuibin, G., & Mingyue, F. (2022). A mediated–moderated model for social media adoption and small and medium-sized enterprise performance in emerging countries. Managerial and Decision Economics, 43(3), 846–861. https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.3422
92. Qalati, Sikander Ali, Yuan, L. W., Khan, M. A. S., & Anwar, F. (2021). A mediated model on the adoption of social media and SMEs’ performance in developing countries. Technology in Society, 64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101513
93. Ramdan, M. R., Aziz, N. A. A., Abdullah, N. L., Samsudin, N., Singh, G. S. V., Zakaria, T., Fuzi, N. M., & Ong, S. Y. Y. (2022). SMEs Performance in Malaysia: The Role of Contextual Ambidexterity in Innovation Culture and Performance. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(3), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031679
94. Raza, A., Ikram, A. A., Amin, A., & Ikram, A. J. (2017). A review of low cost and power efficient development boards for IoT applications. FTC 2016 - Proceedings of Future Technologies Conference, December, 786–790. https://doi.org/10.1109/FTC.2016.7821693
95. Raza, S., Minai, M. S., Zain, A. Y. M., Tariq, T. A., & Khuwaja, F. M. (2018). Dissection of small businesses in Pakistan: Issues and directions. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 22(4).
96. Rehman, A. U., & Anwar, M. (2019). Mediating role of enterprise risk management practices between business strategy and SME performance. Small Enterprise Research, 26(2), 207–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2019.1624385
97. Rehman, K. U., Mata, M. N., Martins, J. M., Mariam, S., Rita, J. X., & Correia, A. B. (2021). Shrm practices employee and organizational resilient behavior: Implications for open innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020159
98. Ricci, R., Battaglia, D., & Neirotti, P. (2021). External knowledge search, opportunity recognition and industry 4.0 adoption in SMEs. International Journal of Production Economics, 240(June), 108234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2021.108234
99. Rocchetta, S., & Mina, A. (2019). Technological coherence and the adaptive resilience of regional economies. Regional Studies, 53(10), 1421–1434. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2019.1577552
100. Salam, S., Shams, A., & Hoque, M. M. (2019). the Role of Social Media and Effect of Relationship Marketing on Sme Performance in Bangladesh: Multi-Group Cfa. Asian People Journal (APJ), 2(1), 12–31. www.uniszajournals.com/apj
101. Salimon, M. G., Kareem, O., Mokhtar, S. S. M., Aliyu, O. A., Bamgbade, J. A., & Adeleke, A. Q. (2021). Malaysian SMEs m-commerce adoption: TAM 3, UTAUT 2 and TOE approach. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-06-2019-0060
102. Sallehudin, H., Aman, A. H. M., Razak, R. C., Ismail, M., Bakar, N. A. A., Fadzil, A. F. M., & Baker, R. (2020). Performance and key factors of cloud computing implementation in the public sector. International Journal of Business and Society, 21(1), 134–152.
103. Sallehudin, H., Kebangsaan, U., Razli, M., Razak, C., Malaysia, U., Nur, K., Abu Bakar, A., Firdause, A., Fadzil, M., & Baker, R. (2020). Performance And Key Factors Of Cloud Computing Implementation In The Public Sector 135. In International Journal of Business and Society (Vol. 21, Issue 1).
104. Samat, M. F., Yusoff, M. N. H., & Ismail, M. (2018). The Mediating Effect of Social Media Marketing Adoption between Competitive Intelligence and SME Performance. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 8(7), 379–387. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.1.2018.87.379.387
105. Samsudeen, S. N., Thelijjagoda, S., & Sanjeetha, M. B. F. (2021). Social Media Adoption: Small and Medium-sized Enterprises’ Perspective in Sri Lanka. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(1), 759–766. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no1.759
106. Sehgal, P. (2022). Role of IOT in Transformation of Marketing : A Quantitative Study of Opportunities and Challenges. 19(1), 5838–5849.
107. Shahzad, A., M Article, S. A., Commer Soc Sci, P. J., Hussain Othman Yeop Abdullah, A., Yeop Abdullah, O., Hassan Othman Yeop Abdullah, R., & Doski, S. A. (2021). A Service of zbw Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre for Economics COVID-19 impact on B2B e-commerce: A multi-group analysis of sports and surgical SME’s Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: COVID-19 Impact on B2B E-Commerce: A Multi-Group Analysis of Sports and Surgical SME’s. In PJCSS) Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (Vol. 15, Issue 1). PJCSS. www.econstor.eu
108. Singh, R., Chandrashekar, D., Hillemane, B. S. M., Sukumar, A., & Jafari-Sadeghi, V. (2022). Network cooperation and economic performance of SMEs: Direct and mediating impacts of innovation and internationalisation. Journal of Business Research, 148, 116-130.
109. Sorri, K., Mustafee, N., & Seppänen, M. (2022). Revisiting IoT definitions: A framework towards comprehensive use. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 179(March). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121623
110. Stentoft, J., Jensen, K. W., Philipsen, K., & Haug, A. (2019). Drivers and barriers for industry 4.0 readiness and practice: A SME perspective with empirical evidence. Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2019-Janua, 5155–5164. https://doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2019.619
111. Talero-sarmiento, L. H., Parra-s, D. T., & Parra-, D. T. (2021). Assessment of ICT policies for digital transformation in Colombia : technology readiness for IoT adoption in SMEs in the trading sector. 23(4), 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1108/DPRG-09-2020-0120
112. Tarutė, A., & Gatautis, R. (2014). ICT Impact on SMEs Performance. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 110, 1218–1225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.968
113. The Financial Daily. 2018. Pakistan Surgical Instrument Industry. The Financial Daily. Available online: https://www.pressreader. com/pakistan/the-financial-daily/20180724/281603831258792 (accessed on 8 September 2021)
114. Tornatzky, L. G., & Klein, K. J. (1982). Tornatzky_Klein_1982 Innovation Characteristics and Innovation Adoption-Imple- mentation A Meta-Analysis of Findings. In Ieee Transactions on Engineering Management (Vol. 29, Issue 1, pp. 28–43).
115. Urban, B., & Matela, L. (2022). The nexus between innovativeness and knowledge management: A focus on firm performance in the hospitality sector. International Journal of Innovation Studies, 6(1), 26–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijis.2021.12.002
116. Usman, U. M. Z., Ahmad, M. N., & Zakaria, N. H. (2019). The determinants of adoption of cloud-based ERP of Nigerian’s SMEs manufacturing sector using TOE framework and DOI theory. International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems, 15(3), 27–43. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEIS.2019070102
117. Venkatesh, V., Smith, R. H., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., Davis, F. D., & Walton, S. M. (2003). quarterly user acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view1.
118. Vermanen, M., Rantanen, M. M., & Harkke, V. (2021). Ethical framework for IoT deployment in SMEs: individual perspective. Internet Research, 32(7), 185–201. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-08-2019-0361
119. Walker, B. (Bernard), Nilakant, V., & Resilient Organisations (Programme : N.Z.). (n.d.). Building adaptive resilience : high-performing today, agile tomorrow, thriving in the future. 16.
120. Wang, Y. M., Wang, Y. S., & Yang, Y. F. (2010). Understanding the determinants of RFID adoption in the manufacturing industry. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 77(5), 803–815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2010.03.006
121. Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A Resource-based View of the Firm. 5(June 1982), 171–180.
122. Xu, W., Ou, P., & Fan, W. (2017). Antecedents of ERP assimilation and its impact on ERP value: A TOE-based model and empirical test. Information Systems Frontiers, 19(1), 13–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-015-9583-0
123. Yu, F., & Schweisfurth, T. (2020). Industry 4.0 technology implementation in SMEs – A survey in the Danish-German border region. International Journal of Innovation Studies, 4(3), 76–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijis.2020.05.001
124. Zhang, H., Li, F., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Shi, L., Sanin, C., & Szczerbicki, E. (2020). The Neural Knowledge DNA Based Smart Internet of Things. Cybernetics and Systems, 51(2), 258–264. https://doi.org/10.1080/01969722.2019.1705545
125. Zhu, K., Kraemer, K. L., & Xu, S. (2006). The process of innovation assimilation by firms in different countries: A technology diffusion perspective on e-business. Management Science, 52(10), 1557–1576. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1050.0487
126. Zhu, K., Kraemer, K. L., Xu, S., & Dedrick, J. (2004). Information technology payoff in E-Business environments: An international perspective on value creation of E-Business in the financial services industry. Journal of Management Information Systems, 21(1), 17–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2004.11045797