This study investigates the considerable influence of emotional well-being on enhancing staff performance within the healthcare sector of Guizhou. This study adopts a quantitative approach, employing structured questionnaires to gather empirical data. It examines the impact of four independent variables—emotional well-being initiatives, communication effectiveness, conflict management, and recognition and reward systems—on the dependent variable of employee performance. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory, the study provides a comprehensive conceptual framework for analysing the ways in which these components contribute to improved employee outcomes. This research aims to clarify the connection between emotional well-being and performance within the healthcare sector, offering valuable insights for managers to develop more effective organisational strategies.