The empirical study assessed the connection between Political Decentralization and Countryside Roads Upkeep in Kanungu District in western Uganda. The investigation study utilized an exploratory and descriptive inquiry design with quantitative and qualitative models. A sample of 104 respondents were carefully chosen from 113 persons using Slovene’s formula. Information was gathered by means of questionnaires and interview agendas. Data was evaluated using frequencies, percentages, Pearson linear correlation coefficient (PLCC) for quantitative statistics and thematic analysis was employed for organizing qualitative evidence. The study findings came up with a significant correlation between Political Decentralization and Countryside Roads Upkeep in Kanungu District in Western Uganda. The schoolwork concluded that Political decentralization is vital for countryside feeder roads Upkeep because it covenants with issues to do with delivery of quality services to the community. If the roads are well upheld, they can be a stimulus to socio-economic progress of the nation at large. From the schoolwork findings, the academic recommended that the political leadership of Kanungu district sub-national government in Uganda should continuously put in a monitoring and evaluation system to oversee the Upkeep of countryside roads for appropriate development of the nation. This can be done through putting in place effective committees to make sure that government policies on rural roads upkeep are well respected and executed. The government of Uganda should increase on the budget meant to repair the countryside roads so that native governments can have adequate money to execute activities related to roads Upkeep and encourage the development of rural areas in Uganda.