Faktor-faktor penyumbang ketahanan diri penagih untuk pulih bebas dadah
List of Authors
  • Ezarina Zakaria , Fauziah Ibrahim , Mohd Norahim Mohamed Sani , Nor Jana Saim , Salina Nen

Keyword
  • Ketahanan diri bekas penagih, program pemulihan dadah, sokongan keluarga, sokongan majikan, sokongan masyarakat sekeliling

Abstract
  • Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang menyumbang kepada ketahanan diri bekas penagih dadah yang telah tamat menjalani program pemulihan dadah di Cure and Care Rehabilitation Centre (CCRC) dan kini sedang berada dalam program pengawasan yang dikendalikan oleh Agensi Anti Dadah Kebangsaan (AADK).. Kajian dijalankan dengan menggunakan reka bentuk tinjauan keratan-lintang secara kuantitatif. Seramai 386 bekas penagih dadah di Semenanjung Malaysia telah dipilih sebagai responden kajian. Data kajian dianalisis dengan menggunakan ujian regresi pelbagai secara stepwise. Analisis kajian menunjukkan bahawa secara signifikan empat variabel peramal iaitu program pemulihan dadah (β=.33, t=7.27, p<.05), sokongan keluarga (β=.29, t=6.70, p<.05), sokongan majikan (β=.17, t=3.82, p<.05) dan sokongan masyarakat sekeliling (β=.10, t=2.24, p<.05) merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi ketahanan diri bekas penagih untuk bebas daripada pengaruh dadah. Keempat-empat variabel peramal berkenaan menyumbang sebanyak 46.2% (r=.68) perubahan varians dalam ketahanan diri [F(4,381)=81.940, p<.05). Hasil kajian memberi implikasi positif ke arah pemantapan strategi ketahanan diri dalam kalangan bekas penagih oleh pihak yang berkepentingan dan seterusnya bagi tujuan penambahbaikan terhadap modul pemulihan dadah.

Reference
  • 1. Arnold B,H., & Warren, W.L. (2000). Aggression Questionnaire: Manual. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services
    2. Aquilino, W.S. & Supple, A.J. (2001). Long-Term Effects of Parenting Practices During Adolescence on Well-Being Out-Comes in Young Adulthood. Journal of Family Issues, 22, 289-308.
    3. Brown, B. S.; O’Grady, K.E.; Battjes, R. J.; Farrell, E. V. ; Smith, N. P. dan Nurco, D. N. (2001). Effectiveness of a stand-alone aftercare program for drug-involved offenders. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 21: 185 – 192.
    4. Brook, J.S., Whiteman & Gordon. (2002). Longitudinally Foretelling Drug Use in the Late Twenties: Adolescent Personaliti and Sosial Environmental Antecedent. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 161(1), 36-42
    5. Chua Yan Piaw. (2012). Asas Statistik Penyelidikan. Kuala Lumpur:Mc Graw Hill Sdn Bhd. Diekhoff, G. (1992). Statistics for the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Dubuque: Wm. C. Brown Publisher.
    6. Dillon L., Chivite-Matthewes N., Grewal I., Brown R., Webster S., Weddell E., Brown G. & Smith N. (2007). Risk, Protective Factor and Reselience to Drug use: Identifying Reselient Young People and Learning from Their Experiences. Home Office Online Report 04/07
    7. Galanter, M., Dermatis, H., Bunt, G., Williams, C., Trujillo, M & Steinke, P. (2006). Assessement of spirituality and its relevance to addiction treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 33:257-264.
    8. Santa, A. (2006) How children develop resiliency. Independent Schools, 65 (3) 66-77
    9. Stein, M. (2005) Resilience and Young People Leaving Care, Joseph Rowntree
    10. Fauziah Ibrahim, Bahaman Abu Samah, Mansor Abu Talib dan Mohamad Shatar Sabran. (2009). Faktor Menyumbang Kepada Penagihan Relaps dalam Kalangan Penagih Dadah PUSPEN di Semenanjung Malaysia. Jurnal Agensi AntiDadah Kebangsaan. ISSN 1823-0865. Vol 5:235-251.
    11. Fauziah Ibrahim, Bahaman Abu Samah, Nasrudin Subhi, Kamaruzaman Jusoff, Mohd Suhaimi Mohamad, Norulhuda Sarnon, Sheau Tsuey Chong & Lukman @ Zawawi Mohamad. (2011). The Effectiveness of Narcotics Rehabilitation Program in Malaysia. World Applied Sciences Journal. 12:74-79. ISSN 1818-4952.
    12. Fauziah Ibrahim, Khadijah Alavi, Noremy Mohd Akhir, Norulhuda Sarnon, Lukman @ Zawawi Mohamad, Mohd Suhaimi Mohamad, Nasrudin Subhi, Salina Nen & Suzana Mohd Hoesni. (2012). The Role of Family Towards Current Adolescence Challenges: Drug Prevention and Living Without Drugs. The Social Sciences. 7(2):341-345. ISSN: 1818-5800. DOI: 10.3923/ sscience.2012.341.345
    13. Fauziah I., Salina N., Ezarina Z., Azmi A.M., Mohd Suhaimi M., & Chong Sheau Tsuey. (2013). Measuring Self-Esteem, Resilience, Aggressive Behavior and Religious Knowledge among Women Drug Inmates in Malaysia. Pertanika J.Soc.Sci. & Hum.21: 31-43
    14. Fauziah I., Ezarina Z., Salina N., Norulhuda S., & NorJana S. (2014). Pengguna Dadah Wanita di Malaysia: Pengalaman Penagihan dan Hubungan Kekeluargaan. Jurnal Teknologi. 67(1): 17-25 Kaur J., Garnawat D., & Bhatia M.S. (2013). Rehabilitation for Substance Abuse Disordes. Delhi Psychiatry Journal. 16(2): 400-403
    15. Mann M., Hosman C.M.H., Schaalma H.P., & Vries N.K.D. (2004). Self-Esteem in a Broad-Spectrum Approch for Mental Health Promotion. Health Education Research. 19(4): 357-372.
    16. Mclellan, A.T., McKay, J.R., Forman, R., Cacciola, J. & Kemp, J. (2005). Reconsidering the evaluation of addiction treatment: from retrospective follow-up to concurrent recovery monitoring. Society for the Study of Addicition. 100: 447-358.
    17. Mohd Azlan Bin Mohd Nor & Mahmood Nazar Bin Mohamed. (2009). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan bekerja penghuni pusat pemulihan penagihan narkotik (PUSPEN). Journal Antidadah Malaysia. 5(1): 1-29
    18. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2012). Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research Based-Guide. U.S Department of Health and Human Services.
    19. Roessler K.K. (2010). Exercise Treatment for Drug Abuse - A Danish Pilot Study. Scand J Public Health. 38(2010): 664-669
    20. Ruhani Mat Min, Abdullah Mohamed, & Nor Ezdianie Omar. (2012). Keperibadian dan sokongan sosial penghuni PUSPEN: Implikasi terhadap program pemulihan. Jurnal Kemanusiaan. 20 (1): 56-66
    21. Wills, T.A., Resco, J.A., Ainette, M.G. & Mendoza, D. (2004). Role of Parent Support and Peer Support in Adolescent Substance Use: A Test of Mediated Effects. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18, 122-134.
    22. Wong, C.J., Sheppard, J. Dallery, J., Bedient, G. Robles, E. Svikis, D., & Silverman, K. (2003). Effect of reinforce magnitude on data-entry productivity in chronically unemployed drug abusers participating in a therapeutic workplace. Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology. 11(1):46-55.