The Effects of Economic Growth, Fossil Energy Consumption, And Renewable Energy Consumption on Carbon Emission In Selected APEC Countries
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of economic growth, fossil energy consumption, and renewable energy consumption on carbon emissions in seven APEC countries. The yearly data in this study, from 2005 to 2021, with 119 samples. A panel data regression model is used to examine the data. The results show that, in general, all independent variables positively impact carbon emissions in upper-middle and lower-middle-income APEC countries. This study implies that the governments of APEC’s upper-middle and lower-middle-income countries must be willing to improve the management and utilization of renewable energy in all development sectors, transportation, and household need; thus, carbon emission can be reduced.