Pilot Validation of a Measurement Instrument for Organizational Drivers, Psychological Empowerment, and Innovative Work Behavior in Private Universities
List of Authors
Gary Tan Peng Liang, Wang Meng
Keyword
Pilot study, Instrument validation, Innovative work behavior, Psychological empowerment, Higher education
Abstract
This study reports the findings of a pilot test conducted to validate a survey instrument designed to examine organizational drivers, psychological empowerment, and innovative work behavior among employees in private universities. Prior to large-scale empirical testing, establishing the reliability and validity of measurement instruments is essential, particularly in complex organizational and cultural contexts. Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were collected from employees of private universities in Xi’an, China. The pilot analysis focused on assessing internal consistency reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and multicollinearity diagnostics. Results indicate that all constructs achieved acceptable levels of Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability, while average variance extracted and heterotrait–monotrait ratios confirmed satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity. No severe multicollinearity issues were detected. The findings demonstrate that the instrument is psychometrically sound and suitable for full-scale structural equation modeling in subsequent research. This pilot study contributes methodologically by providing a validated measurement framework for future studies on innovative work behavior and psychological empowerment in higher education contexts.