Validation study to assess the knowledge attitude and practice among primary care providers on the management of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women (HCPKAP-IDA)
List of Authors
  • Anusha M , Beatrice NLJ

Keyword
  • anemia, iron, pregnancy, primary care, questionnaire

Abstract
  • Clinical audits show suboptimal management among healthcare providers in the management of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnancy, and the tools to assess knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) are still lacking. We aim to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess KAP among doctors and nurses on the management of IDA in pregnancy. 159 doctors and nurses in 9 primary care clinics in Perak answered the questionnaire. The questionnaire then underwent a series of validation processes that included content, face validity, test-retest, and exploratory part. Reliability was determined using Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency while construct validity by factor analysis for the attitude and practice domains. A good degree of internal consistency was observed with Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.781-0.859. Factor loading value in the attitude domain ranged from 0.490-0.811, and in the practice domain from 0.444-0.841. Item P7 in the practice domain with a factor loading value of 0.293 was removed. Item A1 and A8 (attitude domain) and item A5 (practice domain) were revised. Overall, the results confirmed the construct validity of the questionnaire. The final questionnaires consist of 28 items: knowledge domain (13 items), attitude domain (9 items), and practice domain (6 items). The findings from this study suggest that HCPKAP-IDA is a reliable and valid tool. It can potentially be used to evaluate interventions to improve IDA management in pregnancy in Malaysia.

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