Conceptual Criteria of Circular Economy (CE) for Green Building Materials (GBM) in Construction and Built Environment Sector
List of Authors
Natasha Khalil, Wan Faida Wan Mohd Azmi
Keyword
Green Building Materials, Circular Economy, Construction, Built Environment, Sustainable Procurement
Abstract
The global construction industry is experiencing a paradigm shift toward sustainability, yet the adoption of green building materials (GBM) remains limited due to the premium costs associated with procurement. Although GBMs offer significant environmental and operational benefits, their higher upfront costs discourage developers and contractors, particularly in emerging economies, from embracing sustainable practices. This study aims to bridge the gap between circular economy (CE) principles and the premium cost variables that currently hinder the procurement of GBM. Integrative review techniques is used based on final screening articles in Google Scholar and Web of Science using “Circular Economy” AND “Model” AND Built environment OR “Construction” from 2016 to 2025. The study uncovers five (5) main CE criteria for GBM consists of design, production, construction, consumption, and waste management. The CE has covered extensively the life cycle of the materials compared to GBM. Despite having separate guiding principles, CE and GBM's respective focuses must be integrated for comprehensive sustainable implementation.