Instrument’s reliability and validity for evaluating the nursing risk assessment of acute kidney injury tools for the surgical department: A pilot study
List of Authors
  • Nooreena Yusop , Rasidah Mohamed

Keyword
  • Acute Kidney Injury; nursing risk assessment; reliability and validity

Abstract
  • Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is common but is often under-recognized. Delayed diagnosis may lead to patients’ increased morbidity and mortality. AKI is fully established with various guideline but remained lacking in early detection through knowledge, understanding, assessment, and poor identification. High incidence and mortality rate of AKI in Malaysia could be assumed to be due to inadequate early nursing assessment and intervention. Hence an education programme for nurses with valid and reliable tools need to be developed. The aim of this study to develop a valid and reliable research tools for nursing risk assessment education programme in the detection of AKI from surgical patients. The tools were developed within four phases. Phase 1, the development of instruments through research and literature review. Phase 2, the validity process. The tools were submitted for relevancy and validation by expert panels. Phase 3, a pilot study conducted to test the instruments and phase 4 involved analyzing the tools. Two types of research tools developed in the study. Type 1: The Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of AKI questionnaire and Type 2: The Nursing Risk Assessment AKI form. Overall Content Validity Index value for type 1 instrument was 0.96 and type 2 instrument was 0.95 indicating adequate standard of acceptability. Overall Cronbach’s Alpha value was at 0.81. KAP of AKI questionnaire and the Nursing Risk Assessment AKI form are valid tools to assess nurses KAP level and the early detection of patients at risk of AKI respectively.

Reference
  • 1. Adejumo, O., Akinbodewa, A., Alli, O., Olufemi, P., & Olatunji, A. (2017). Assessment of Knowledge of Acute Kidney Injury among Non-Nephrology Doctors in Two Government Hospitals in Ondo City, Southwest, Nigeria. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 27(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v27i2.7

    2. Aitken, E., Carruthers, C., Gall, L., Kerr, L., Geddes, C., & Kingsmore, D. (2013). Acute kidney injury: Outcomes and quality of care. Qjm, 106(4), 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcs237

    3. Bhagwanani, A., Carpenter, R., & Yusuf, A. (2014). Improving the management of Acute Kidney Injury in a District General Hospital: Introduction of the DONUT bundle. BMJ Quality ImprovementReports,2(2),u202650.w1235.https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjquality.u202650.w1235

    4. Davis, L. L. (1992). Instrument review: Getting the most from a panel of experts. Applied nursing research, 5(4), 194-197.

    5. Hamid, S. A. A., Adnan, W. N. A. W., Naing, N. N., & Adnan, A. S. (2018). Acute kidney injury in intensive care unit, hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia: A descriptive study. Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation: An Official Publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia, 29(5), 1109–1114. https://doi.org/10.4103/1319-2442.243961

    6. Kirwan, C. J., Wright, K., Banda, P., Chick, A., Mtekateka, M., Banda, E., Kawale, Z., Evans, R., Dobbie, H., & Dreyer, G. (2016). A nurse-led intervention improves detection and management of AKI in Malawi. Journal of Renal Care, 42(4), 196–204. https://doi.org/10.1111/jorc.12172

    7. Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing research.Cartin-Ceba, R., Kashiouris, M., Plataki, M., Kor, D. J., Gajic, O., & Casey, E. T. (2012). Risk Factors for Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Critical Care Research and Practice, 2012, 15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/691013

    8. National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (2009) Adding Insult to Injury. National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death, London

    9. Norkett, L. (2013). Quantitative research. In Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (Vol. 27, Issue 43). https://doi.org/10.7748/ns2013.06.27.43.59.s52

    10. Park, S., Cho, H., Park, S., Lee, S., Kim, K., Yoon, H. J., Park, J., Choi, Y., Lee, S., Kim, J. H., Kim, S., Chin, H. J., Kim, D. K., Joo, K. W., Kim, Y. S., & Lee, H. (2019). Simple postoperative AKI risk (SPARK) classification before noncardiac surgery: A prediction index development study with external validation. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 30(1), 170–181. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2018070757

    11. Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2006). The content validity index: are you sure you know what's being reported? Critique and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 29(5), 489-497.

    12. Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 30(4), 459-467.

    13. Prata, C., Carvalho, T. M. De, Lima, E. Q., Margareth, S., & Lobo, A. (2016). Nurses’ knowledge to identify early acute kidney injury. 50(3), 399–404.

    14. Yusoff, M. S. B. (2019). ABC of Content Validation and Content Validity Index Calculation. Education in Medicine Journal, 11(2), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2019.11.2.6