Aplikasi Penilaian Impak Rapid Matrik (RIAM) terhadap projek loji rawatan terma sisa klinikal
List of Authors
  • Abdul Rahman Mahmud

Keyword
  • Sisa klinikal, pengurusan sisa klinikal, loji rawatan terma, penskopan EIA, EIA Matriks, Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM)

Abstract
  • Peningkatan jumlah sisa klinikal setiap tahun merupakan salah satu cabaran dalam pengurusan alam sekitar di Malaysia. Penggunaan loji, rawatan terma bagi merawat sisa klinikal dapat membantu meningkatkan kecekapan pengurusan sisa klinikal. Walaubagaimanapun pelbagai isu timbul daripada penggunaan loji rawatan terma dan impaknya terhadap persekitaran menjadi kebimbangan dalam kalangan masyarakat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kebolehgunaan Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) bagi menilai pembangunan loji rawatan sisa klinikal terhadap komponen fizikal-kimia, biologi-ekologi, sosial dan ekonomi. Penggunaan RIAM dikenal pasti dapat membantu mengenal pasti impak positif dan negatif terhadap alam sekitar. Kajian ini mendapati nilai impak positif adalah melebihi impak negatif dalam pelaksanaan projek loji rawatan terma sisa klinikal. Dalam pembangunan projek loji rawatan terma impak kualiti udara, impak kesihatan manusia, risiko alam sekitar dan pencemaran air adalah isu utama yang perlu dikaji dengan mendalam didalam EIA. Kajian EIA perlu mengambil kira pelbagai senario termasuklah wabak pendemik serta kesannya terhadap operasi loji rawatan sisa klinikal. Kajian ini turut mencadangkan jururunding alam sekitar menggunakan RIAM sebagai amalan baik dalam penskopan kajian EIA.

Reference
  • 1. Abdul Rahman Mahmud, Zaini Sakawi & Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud. 2015. Pakej penambahbaikan EIA di Malaysia: Suatu ulasan kritis dalam aspek kawalan hakisan tanah dan sedimentasi EIA improvement packages in Malaysia : A critical review with respect to erosion and sedimentation control. Malaysia Journal of Society and Space 11, 6(6), 23–35.

    2. Bakiu R & Durmishaj. 2018. Medical Waste Effects and Management: Overview and Future Directions. SF Journal of Environmental and Earth Science, 1(2).

    3. DHI. 1997. Introduction to RIAM : Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix by DHI.

    4. DOE. 2009. Guidelines On The Handling of Clinical Waste In Malaysia.

    5. DOE. 2010. Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2009.

    6. DOE. 2011. Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2010.

    7. DOE. 2012. Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2011.

    8. DOE. 2014a. Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2013.

    9. DOE. 2014b. Best Available Techniques Guidance Document On Waste Incinerator.

    10. DOE. 2015. Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2014.

    11. DOE. 2016a. Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2015.

    12. DOE. 2016b. Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines In Malaysia. Department Of Environment, Malaysia.

    13. DOE. 2019. Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2018.

    14. DOSM. 2015. Department Of Statistics Malaysia Press Release Compendium Of Environment Statistics 2015.

    15. Kankam-yeboah, K., Asare, E. B., Gyau-boakye, P. & Nishigaki, M. 2005. Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix ( RIAM ) - An Analytical Tool in the Prioritization of Water Resources Management Problems in Ghana Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix ( RIAM ) - An Analytical Tool in the Prioritization of Water Resources Management Problems in. Faculty of Environmenyal Science and technology Okayama University, 10(1).

    16. Kuitunen, M., Jalava, K. & Hirvonen, K. 2008. Testing the usability of the Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix ( RIAM ) method for comparison of EIA and SEA results Testing the usability of the Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix ( RIAM ) method for comparison of EIA and SEA results. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 28(March). doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2007.06.004

    17. Pastakia, C. M. R. & Jensen, A. 1998. The Rapid Impact Assessment Matrik (RIAM) For EIA. Environmental Impact Assessmenyt Review, 9255(98), 461–482.

    18. Rosni Ismail. 2020. Pengurusan Buangan Terjadual Sisa Klinikal Di Malaysia.

    19. Shaidatul Shida Razali & Mohd Bakri Ishak. 2018. Clinical waste handling and obstacles in Malaysia. Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, 2018(December 2010). doi:10.4090/juee.2010.v4n2.047054

    20. Shayesteh, A. A., Koohshekan, O., Khadivpour, F., Kian, M., Ghasemzadeh, R. & Pazoki, M. 2020. Industrial waste management using the rapid impact assessment matrix method for an industrial park. Global Jourbal of Environmenyal Science and Management, 6(2), 261–274. doi:10.22034/gjesm.2020.02.10

    21. WHO. 2020. Fundamentals of health-care waste management.