Enhancing Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour of Lean Healthcare Among Health Science Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study at Oman College of Health Sciences
List of Authors
Abu Bakar Abdul Hamid, Ghaliya Al Atar
Keyword
Lean Healthcare; Health Sciences Education; Knowledge–Attitude–Behaviour (KAB) Model; Quasi-Experimental Study; Oman
Abstract
Lean Healthcare has emerged as a valuable approach to improving efficiency, reducing waste, and enhancing patient outcomes. However, its integration into health sciences education in Oman remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Lean Healthcare training program in enhancing the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of health science students at Oman College of Health Sciences, using the Knowledge–Attitude–Behaviour (KAB) model as the guiding framework. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was employed with a sample of 59 students, predominantly final-year nursing students. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire measuring knowledge (content, training, assessment), attitudes (mindset, leadership), and behaviours (application, feedback, role modelling). Cronbach’s alpha confirmed strong reliability across all constructs (α range = .812–.919). Paired-sample t-tests were conducted to examine pre–post changes, and multiple regression was used to identify predictors of post-intervention Lean outcomes. Significant improvements were observed across all domains. Knowledge increased in content (p < .001), training (p < .001), and assessment (p = .002). Attitudes improved in mindset (p < .001) and leadership (p < .001), while behaviours showed gains in application (p < .001), feedback (p < .001), and role modelling (p < .001). The overall Lean score also improved significantly (p < .001). Regression analysis revealed that knowledge was the strongest predictor of post-training Lean outcomes (β = .692, p = .001), while attitude and behaviour were not statistically significant predictors. The intervention successfully enhanced students’ Lean-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours, with knowledge emerging as the most critical driver of Lean outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of integrating Lean Healthcare training into health sciences curricula in Oman. Embedding Lean principles into education can prepare future healthcare professionals to act as change agents, contributing to efficiency, patient safety, and continuous improvement in healthcare delivery. Further research should employ longitudinal and comparative designs to explore the sustainability of behavioural change and the moderating role of institutional factors such as leadership and organisational culture.