Kajian terhadap proses dan pendekatan dalam pembentukan dasar pekerja asing di Malaysia
List of Authors
  • Mohd Na’eim Ajis

Keyword
  • Dasar, Pekerja Asing, Pembuatan Dasar, Pendekatan Dasar dan Malaysia

Abstract
  • Permintaan terhadap pekerja asing ke Malaysia adalah sesuatu yang tidak dapat dielakkan dan kerajaan telah mewujudkan dasar dan program bagi mengawal kemasukan pekerja asing ke Malaysia. Terdapat dua objektif utama yang akan dibincangkan dalam artikel ini iaitu mengkaji proses pembuatan dasar dan pendekatan digunakan dalam pembuatan dasar pekerja asing. Dalam kajian ini pengkaji mengunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan menemubual beberapa responden yang terlibat dalam pembentukan dasar pekerja asing dan mereka dipilih berdasarkan penglibatan dalam pengurusan dasar pekerja asing. Responden tersebut boleh dikategorikan kepada formal seperti ahli dalam Jawatankuasa Kabinet Mengenai Pekerja Asing dan PATI (JKPA-PATI) dan tidak formal seperti wakil majikan, wakil pekerja, Badan Bukan Kerajaan (NGO) dan ahli akademik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat tiga peringkat dalam proses pembuatan dasar pekerja asing iaitu peringkat pertama, perbincangan di antara kementerian dengan kumpulan berkepentingan seperti MEF, MTUC dan NGO. Kedua, perbincangan di antara Kementerian Dalam Negeri dan Kementerian Sumber Manusia dengan agensi kawal selia yang terdiri daripada kementerian-kementerian berkaitan. Ketiga, peringkat mesyuarat secara formal yang melibatkan ahli-ahli dalam JKPA-PATI. Manakala pendekatan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan dasar pekerja asing adalah di antara ekonomi dan keselamatan. Setiap pihak berkaitan pekerja asing mempunyai justifikasi tersendiri dalam menimbangkan pendekatan yang dipilih. Kesimpulannya, pembentukan dasar pekerja asing melibatkan beberapa peringkat perbincangan dengan pihak-pihak berkepentingan. Pertimbangan yang diambilkira dalam pembentukan dasar melibatkan aspek keselamatan dan ekonomi yang menjadi penyebab utama kepada konflik dasar di antara pihak-pihak berkaitan.

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