Mengukur kesejahteraan komuniti lokal: kajian keshasil tangungjawab sosial korporat perlombongan dan kilang nikel di Indonesia
List of Authors
  • Abd Hair Awang , Iskandar Zainuddin Rela

Keyword
  • Kesejahteraan komuniti, kesejahteraan sosial, kesejahteraan ekonomi, kesejahteraan persekitaran, tanggungjawab sosial korpora

Abstract
  • Sektor perlombongan dan kilang nikel di Sulawesi Tenggara Indonesia merupakan sumber alam yang dapat memberikan manfaat terhadap kesejahteraan komuniti atau community well-being (CWB). Tanggungjawab sosial korporat atau corporate social responsibility (CSR) daripada aktiviti perlombongan oleh syarikat perlu memenuhi cabaran pihak yang berkepentingan dan perubahan-perubahan pembangunan sosial, ekonomi dan persekitaran. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti dimensi kesejahteraan komuniti tempatan setelah mengaplikasikan program CSR. Pemboleh ubah CWB yang diukur adalah sosial, pemerkasaan ekonomi dan persekitaran. Kajian melibatkan 490 orang responden dalam komuniti tempatan, menggunakan borang soal selidik dan data dianalisis menggunakan kaedah Statistical Package for the social science (SPSS.22). Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa secara umum amalan CSR yang telah dijalankan memberikan manfaat atau menyokong dimensi kesejahteraan komuniti. Walau bagaimanapun, dimensi pendidikan dan infrastruktur memiliki kesan kategori sederhana daripada amalan program CSR. Implikasi kajian ini mencadangkan pihak syarikat dapat meningkatkan perhatian dan membuat perencanaan tindakan ekonomi dan lingkungan bagi mendukung kesejahteraan komuniti secara lestari.

Reference
  • 1. Ait Sidhoum, A., & Serra, T. (2017). Corporate Sustainable Development. Revisiting the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility Dimensions. Sustainable Development.
    2. Al-Zyoud, I., (2017). Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Implementation in Jordanian Public Shareholding Companies on Sustainable Development. Asian Social Science 13(2): 94.
    3. Arnold, M. F., Louche, C., Idowu, S. L., & Filho, W. L., (2010). Competitive advantage from CSR programmes. Louche, C., Idowu, SO, Filho, WL (Eds.), Innovative CSR: From Risk Management to Value Creation, Greenleaf Publishing Limited, Sheffield.
    4. Beckley, T., Parkins, J., & Stedman, R., (2002). Indicators of forest-dependent community sustainability: The evolution of research. The Forestry Chronicle, 78(5), 626-636.
    5. Bowen, H. R., (1953). Social responsibilities of the businessman. New York: Harper & Row
    6. Brew, Y., Junwu, C., & Addae-Boateng, S., (2015). Corporate social responsibility activities of mining companies: The views of the local communities in Ghana. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management 5(06): 457.
    7. Budiaji, W., (2013). Skala pengukuran dan jumlah respon skala likert. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian dan Perikanan, 2(2), 127-133.
    8. Buot, M.M., Cardenas, V.R., Nelson, G.L.M., Quimbo, M.A.T. and Dizon, J.T., (2016). Meanings of Community Wellbeing In Disaster Prone Areas In The Philippines. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Josefina_Dizon/publication/
    9. Carroll, A. B., (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business horizons 34(4): 39-48.
    10. Charitoudi, G., Giannarakis, G., & Lazarides, T. G., (2011). Corporate social responsibility performance in periods of financial crisis. European Journal of Scientific Research 63(3):447-455
    11. Christakopoulou, S., Dawson, J. and Gari, A., (2001). The community well-being questionnaire: Theoretical context and initial assessment of its reliability and validity. Social Indicators Research 56(3):319-349. .
    12. Creswell, J. W., (2013). Research design : qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (Fourth Edition ed.). California: Sage Publications Ltd.
    13. Degie, B., & Kebede, W., (2017). Corporate social responsibility and its prospect for community development in Ethiopia. International Social Work,
    14. Durand, M. and Boarini, R., (2016). Well-Being as a Business Concept. Humanistic Management
    15. Flint, C. G., Luloff, A. E., & Finley, J. C., (2008). Where is “community” in community-based forestry?. Society and Natural Resources, 21(6): 526-537.
    16. Flora, C. and J. Flora., (2013). Rural Communities: Legacy and Change, 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
    17. Freeman, R. E., (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Pitman, Boston.
    18. Hart, M., (1999). Guide to Sustainable Community Indicators. Hart Environmental Data. Available Online: http://www.sustainablemeasures.com/ (4 December 2017)
    19. Holme, R., & Watts, P., (1999). Corporate social responsibility. Geneva: World Business Council for Sustainable Development.
    20. Ismail, M., Alias, S. N., & Mohd Rasdi, R., (2015). Community as stakeholder of the corporate social responsibility programme in Malaysia: outcomes in community development. Social Responsibility Journal 11(1):109-130.
    21. Kotler, P., & Lee, N., (2005). Best of breed: When it comes to gaining a market edge while supporting a social cause,“corporate social marketing” leads the pack. Social marketing quarterly 11(3-4):91-103.
    22. Krejcie, R.V. & Morgan, D.W., (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational & Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
    23. Lee, S.J. and Kim, Y., (2015). Searching for the meaning of community well-being. In Community Well-Being and Community Development (pp. 9-23). Springer International Publishing.
    24. Matten, D., & Moon, J., (2008). “Implicit” and “explicit” CSR: A conceptual framework for a comparative understanding of corporate social responsibility. Academy of management Review, 33(2), 404-424.
    25. McCrea, R., Walton, A., & Leonard, R., (2014). A conceptual framework for investigating community wellbeing and resilience. Rural Society, 23(3), 270-282.
    26. Miles, R. L., Greer, L., Kraatz, D., & Kinnear, S., (2008). Measuring community wellbeing: a central Queensland case study. Australasian Journal of Regional Studies, 14(1), 73.
    27. Morton, A. and Edwards, L., (2012). Community Wellbeing Indicators, Survey Template for Local Government. Sydney, NSW: Australian Centre of Excellence for Local Government, University of Technology.
    28. Murphy, B. L., (2007). Locating social capital in resilient community-level emergency management. Natural Hazards, 41(2), 297-315.
    29. Murphy, B.L., (2010). Community Well-Being: An Overview of the Concept. NWMO. AvailableOnline:http://nwmo.ca/uploads_managed/MediaFiles/1681_researchsupportpro gram_communitywellb eingoverview. (1 November 2017)
    30. Ott, R.L. and Longnecker, M.T., (2015). An introduction to statistical methods and data analysis. Nelson Education.
    31. Ramsey, D., Smit, B., (2002). Rural community well-being: models and application to changes in the tobacco-belt in Ontario, Canada. Geoforum 33(3): 367-384.
    32. Rogers, M., & Ryan, R., (2001). The triple bottom line for sustainable community development. Local Environment, 6(3), 279-289.
    33. Rudito, B., (2014). The improvement of community economy as impact of corporate social responsibility program: A case study in Pengalengan, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 164: 471-476.
    34. Russo, A., & Perrini, F., (2010). Investigating stakeholder theory and social capital: CSR in large firms and SMEs. Journal of Business ethics, 91(2), 207-221.
    35. Sanchez-Franco, M. J., & Roldán, J. L., (2010). Expressive aesthetics to ease perceived community support: Exploring personal innovativeness and routinised behaviour as moderators in Tuenti. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(6), 1445-1457.
    36. Sarmila, M.S., Zaimah, R., Lyndon, N., Hussain, M.Y. and Awang, A.H., (2015). Local community economic wellbeing through CSR project. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6(4):79.
    37. Shengtian, H., Weihui, F., & Xiaosong, L., (2010). Achieving sustainability with a stakeholderbased CSR assessment model for FIEs in China. Journal of International Business Ethics, 3(1), 41.
    38. Sirgy, M.J., Widgery, R.N., Lee, D.J., and Yu, G.B., (2010). Developing a measure of community well-being based on perceptions of impact in various life domains, Social Indicators Research 96(2): 295–311.
    39. Walton, A., McCrea, R. and Leonard, R., (2014). CSIRO survey of community wellbeing and responding to change: Western Downs region in Queensland. Australia: CSIRO Land and Water Retrieved from http://gisera. org. au/publications/tech_reports_ papers/socioecoproj-3-community-wellbeing-report. pdf.
    40. White, S.C., (2008). But what is wellbeing? : A Framework for analysis ini social and development polity and Practice. Paper for Regeneration and Wellbeing: Research into Practice University of Bradford, 24-25 April 2008. ESRC Research Group on Wellbeing in Development Countries University Of Bath, UK.