Ecological resources such as forests, water, soil and biological diversity are fundamental in supporting services that foster economic activities and human livelihoods and, in this way, contribute towards financial sustainability. Although the connection between environmental resources and economics is delicate, unduly challenges ecological and economic survivability. The objective of this study is to review the challenges posed by ecological resources to economic sustainability. This study utilised a systematic method in collecting relevant literature. A fair number of steps were necessary for review analysis. The review analysis method comes with certain benefits and improvements to the study's quality and breadth. The results of the review analysis revealed several challenges posed by ecological resources to economic sustainability, namely: (a) resource scarcity and economic growth; (b) biodiversity loss and ecosystem services; (c) economic vulnerability to climate change; and (d) policy and investment gaps. In conclusion, the evaluation of ecological resource challenges concerning economic sustainability issues shows that there are concerns that are too complicated and could even lead to alarm. In the future, research should concentrate on a variety of areas to tackle the question of the implications of ecological resources for economic sustainability.