This paper investigates the factors influencing sustainable blockchain adoption among technology providers in Malaysia’s telecommunication industry. The telecommunication industry in Malaysia is undergoing rapid digitalisation, which has created a strong demand for systems that are secure, transparent and efficient in managing data. Blockchain technology offers significant potential to address these needs, yet adoption in the sector remains inconsistent because of regulatory constraints, technological complexity and organisational readiness challenges. This paper develops a conceptual model that integrates the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework with Data Readiness Theory (DRT) to capture both external contextual factors and internal preparedness. This integration directly responds to the limited empirical focus of prior studies on sustainable blockchain adoption in Malaysia’s telecommunication context. This paper makes a theoretical contribution by extending existing adoption models with a data-oriented perspective that highlights the importance of governance, quality and capability. It also delivers a practical contribution by offering guidance to telecommunication providers, policymakers and technology vendors on how to align external requirements with organisational readiness. The findings underline that sustainable blockchain adoption requires not only technological alignment but also strategic integration of organisational capacity and data systems. These insights are relevant for regulators and industry leaders seeking to advance innovation and competitiveness within highly regulated and data-driven environments. An empirical quantitative survey will be conducted among telecommunication professionals in Malaysia, and the data will be analysed using SmartPLS 4 to validate the proposed model. The anticipated findings will provide both theoretical and practical implications for sustainable blockchain adoption.