Peranan media dalam membentuk struktur pengetahuan politik: pengundi muda baharu di Malaysia
List of Authors
  • Normah Mustaffa , Siti Nurshahidah Sah Allam

Keyword
  • Pengundi muda baharu, media baharu, maklumat demokrasi, maklumat parti politik, maklumat pilihan raya

Abstract
  • Dalam sebuah negara demokrasi seperti Malaysia, media memainkan peranan penting dalam membentuk struktur pengetahuan politik dan mendorong kepada tindakan menyertai aktiviti politik di kalangan pengundi muda baharu. Isunya penyelidikan empirikal terhadap struktur pengetahuan politik di kalangan pengundi muda baharu di Malaysia masih kurang diberi perhatian memandangkan topik kesediaan penyertaan politik kian mendapat perhatian dalam forum politik. Objektif kajian untuk menilai tahap struktur pengetahuan politik dari 1) dimensi maklumat demokrasi, 2) dimensi maklumat pilihan raya dan 3) dimensi maklumat parti politik dalam konteks pengundi muda baharu di Malaysia. Penyelidikan kuantitatif ini menggunakan kaedah survei fokus kepada 547 responden yang berusia 18-26 tahun di seluruh Malaysia dari Zon Utara, Timur, Barat, Selatan dan Borneo. Kajian ini melaporkan pengundi muda baharu di Malaysia mempunyai tahap pengetahuan politik yang tinggi terutama bagi maklumat demokrasi dan maklumat pilihan raya. Namun, tahap pengetahuan maklumat parti politik dalam kalangan responden dilaporkan di tahap sederhana. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia menganjurkan outreach program dengan kerjasama Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia dan Kementerian Belia dan Sukan. Kandungan program ini untuk kempen kesedaran mengundi dan inisiatif strategik untuk meningkatkan jaringan pengundi muda baharu dengan entiti kerajaan. Memuatnaik foto, mencipta kandungan di media baharu dan tag media baharu milik entiti kerajaan ini mampu mencetus data tetapan algoritma di media baharu. Ini adalah strategi ‘gesaan’ (prompt) kepada tetapan algoritma untuk mencadangkan kandungan berunsur politik dalam media baharu pengundi muda baharu. Hal ini membantu pengundi muda baharu di Malaysia yang kurang minat politik untuk mendapat pendedahan maklumat politik melalui maklumat polisi kerajaan.

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