1. Al-Qur’an al-Karim Ali, Abbas J. (2010). Islamic Perspectives on management and organization. Edward Elgar Publishing.
2. Al Hameedi, Moutaseem. (2012).One step closer-Istiqamah (steadfastness and consistency). Retrieved from: http://en.islamway.net/article/13197/istiqamah-steadfastnessconsistency.07October 2016.
3. Althusser, Louis and Balibar, Étienne. (2009). Reading Capital. London: Verso.
4. Bottomore, Tom (ed). (1991). A Dictionary of Marxist Thought, 2nd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 45–48.
5. Cahan, Jean Axelrad. Science & Society , Vol. 58, No. 4 (Winter, 1994/1995), pp. 394–395.
6. Calhoun, Craig (ed). (2002). Dictionary of the Social Sciences Oxford University Press Chandler, Daniel (10 April 2000). Marxist Media Theory". Aberystwyth University. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
7. Hall, Stuart. (1977). Rethinking the Base and Superstructure Metaphor. Papers on Class, Hegemony and Party. Bloomfield, J., ed. London: Lawrence & Wishart.
8. Harris, Marvin (2001a). First published 1968), The Rise of Anthropological Theory: A History of Theories of Culture, Walnut Creek, California: AltaMira Press, ISBN 0-7591-0132-9, retrieved 10 September 2010 Paperback ISBN 0-7591-0133-7.
9. Harris, Marvin (2001b). First published 1979), Cultural Materialism: the Struggle for a Science of Culture (Updated ed.), Walnut Creek, California: AltaMira Press, ISBN 0-7591-0134-5, retrieved 10 September2010 Paperback ISBN 0-7591-0135-3.
10. Harvey, David. A Companion to Marx's Capital. London: Verso, 2010.
11. Margolis, Maxine L. (2001). Introduction, in Marvin Harris, The Rise of Anthropological Theory: A History of Theories of Culture.
12. Marx, Karl. (1977). A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy. Moscow: Progress Publishers: Notes by R. Rojas. Middleton, Richard (1990/2002). Studying Popular Music. Philadelphia: Open University Press.
13. Morera, Esteve Canadian Journal of Political Science / Revue canadienne de science politique. (1990). Vol. 23, No. 1 pp. 28, 29.
14. Nik Mohamad Abduh Nik Abdul Azis. (2012). Surah As-saff, Akademi Tarbiyah DPPM. Pawel Zaleski. (2008). Tocqueville on Civilian Society. A Romantic Vision of the Dichotomic Structure of Social Reality", Archiv für Begriffsgeschichte, Felix Meiner Verlag, vol. 50.
15. Postone, Moishe. (1993). Time, Labour, and Social Domination: A Reinterpretation of Marx's Critical Theory. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press.
16. Reich, Wilhelm. (1970). The Mass Psychology of Fascism. New York: Albion. 22–23. Print.
17. Rosfazila Abd Rahman & Abdul Razif Zaini. (2014). The Sociological Concept of Superstructure and The Qur’anic Terminology of Bunyaanun Marsus (Surah Al Saff) in the Context of strengthening the Ummah. Jurnal Pengajian Islam Bil.09.
18. Sayyid Abdul Ala-Maududi, Surah as-Saff. www.englishtafsir.com/retrieved 15Nov2013.
19. Scaff, Lawrence A. (Jun., 1984). The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 35, No. 2 pp. 190– 215.
20. Shah, Saeeda. (18 Jan 2007). Educational Leadership : An Islamic Perspectives. Retrieved from: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01411920600635403? src=recsys.6October2016.
21. Shafaat, Ahmad.(2001, June) Building Muslim strength, reflections on the Muslim Ummah in light of Islam. Retrieved from: http://www.islamicperspectives.com/buildingmuslimstrength.htm.7thOctober2016. Visions of Culture: An Introduction to Anthropological Theories and Theorists (2nd ed.), Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, pp. 203–215, ISBN 0-7591-0410-7, retrieved 10 September 2010 Paperback ISBN 0-7591-0411-5.
22. Ward, Todd.A, Eastman, Raymond., & Ninness, Chris (2009), An Experimental Analysis of Cultural Materialism: The Effects of Various Modes of Production on Resource Sharing", Behavior and Social Issues 18: 58–80, retrieved 10 September 2010.
23. Williams, Raymond (November–December 1973). Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory. New Left Review (82).
24. Williams, Raymond.(1977). Marxism and Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.