Government Spending and Gender Equality in West African Countries: A Panel Cointegration Approach
List of Authors
  • Alshuaibi Maan Homad, Nor Asmat Ismail, Rayyanu Abdulkarim Kaita

Keyword
  • Government Spending, Gender equality, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs

Abstract
  • While the nexus between government expenditure and gender equality is well debated in literature, the impact of government expenditure in promoting gender equality remains partially explored. This study investigated the impact of government expenditure in achieving gender equality in West African countries. The study also explored the existence of long run relationship between government expenditure and gender equality in West Africa. The author employed a Panel data for a period of thirty (30) years spanning from (1991-2020) for sixteen (16) West African Countries and Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PARDL) approach was employed in analyzing the data. The countries covered are: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo. The selection of the period and the set of countries are based on the availability of data. All the data were sourced from the World Development Indicators (WDI, 2023). The major variable of interest is Government Expenditure (GEX) serving as a predictor of Gender equality (SDG 5). Meanwhile, to capture the effect of other variables on the dependent variable, three other variables are included as control variables. These are: (i) GDP Per Capita Growth Rate, (ii) Inflation and (iii) Gross Capital Formation. The overall findings revealed that, government expenditure has a positive and significant impact on Gender equality in West African countries. The results also showed that, long-run relationship exists between government expenditure and gender equality. In line with the findings of the study, Governments in West Africa are encouraged to increase funding on gender related projects to close the current gender gaps and meet the SDGs’ targets by 2030.

Reference
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