This article systematically explores the development path of physical education teaching reform in higher vocational colleges. By comparing the advanced experiences of the United States, Japan, Germany, and other countries, a reform plan for constructing a higher vocational physical education teaching system with Chinese characteristics is proposed. The research emphasizes that the reform should be oriented towards serving professional development and promoting student employment. Through systematic measures such as innovating teaching concepts, optimizing curriculum settings, and improving evaluation mechanisms, the deep integration of physical education teaching and vocational education should be achieved.