Transformasi corak penulisan berita dalam akhbar arus perdana Malaysia
List of Authors
  • Abdul Latiff Ahmad , Badrul Redzuan Abu Hassan , Mohd Zuwairi Mat Saad , Normah Mustaffa

Keyword
  • Kewartawanan, interpretif, deskriptif, corak penulisan, pembingkaian

Abstract
  • Kajian ini membincangkan mengenai corak penulisan wartawan dari sudut penyampaian maklumat terutamanya dalam berita pilihan raya kecil. Perbincangan dibahagikan mengikut persoalan kajian yang timbul hasil daripada kajian lalu seperti adakah corak penulisan mengalami transformasi kepada interpretif dan adakah elemen penulisan interpretif (menganalisis, menilai, menerangkan) digunakan oleh wartawan dalam menyampaikan berita pilihan raya. Beberapa sarjana masih lagi melakukan kajian bagi memahami konsep penulisan interpretif dalam menyampaikan maklumat kepada khalayak mengenai sesuatu isu. Konsep ini juga sering dikaitkan dengan konsep deskriptif yang masih mengekalkan penggunaan konsep 5W1H. Definisi corak penulisan interpretif menjurus kepada ‘menganalisis’, ‘menilai’, dan ‘menerangkan’ isu, dan bukannya mengehadkan laporan hanya kepada fakta semata-mata. Manakala corak lama penulisan wartawan ditakrifkan sebagai laporan deskriptif iaitu wartawan dengan jelas menerangkan mengenai peristiwa, berpegang kepada fakta dan meninggalkan spekulasi dan tafsiran kepada pembaca. Namun, corak penulisan ini sering dikaitkan dengan peranan wartawan dalam membingkaikan sesuatu isu dalam pelaporan berita mereka terutamanya isu-isu yang berkaitan politik. Kaedah analisis kandungan kuantitatif sebanyak 419 unit analisis dilakukan terhadap akhbar arus perdana Utusan Malaysia dan Berita Harian pada tahun 1987, 1997 dan 2014 dalam melihat trend penggunaan corak penulisan. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa corak penulisan mengalami perubahan daripada deskriptif kepada corak penulisan gabungan di antara deskriptif dan interpretif. Walaupun perubahan berlaku, wartawan masih lagi mengekalkan corak penulisan konvensional iaitu deskriptif dalam laporan berita. Malah wartawan menggunakan elemen ‘menerangkan’ berbanding elemen ‘menganalisis’ dan ‘menilai’ dalam corak penulisan berita semasa menyampaikan maklumat mengenai berita pilihan raya kecil.

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