1. Abdullah, F., & Akhir, N. M. (2019b). LGBT dalam Kalangan Mahasiswa di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 3(4), 1–11 http://spaj.ukm.my/jws/index.php/jws/article/download/286/232.
2. Abdullah, S. (2018). Aktiviti Negatif LGBT Boleh Bawa Kemusnahan Negara. http://suhazeli.com/wp/aktiviti-negatif-lgbt-boleh-bawa-kemusnahan-negara Akhir,
3. N. M., Abdullah, F. & Kamaluddin, M. R. (2019). Faktor Pengaruh Mahasiswa Terlibat dalam LGBT di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam di Lembah Klang. International Journal of Academic Research. 6(2): 50-62.
4. Bakar, Z. R. A. (2021). Kedudukan LGBT di Malaysia. https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/127256/KOLUMNIS/Kedudukan-LGBT-di-Malaysia.
5. Bauermeister, J. A., Leslie-Santana, M., Johns, M. M., Pingel, E., & Eisenberg, A. (2011). Mr. Right and Mr. Right Now: Romantic and casual partner-seeking online among young men who have sex with men. AIDS and Behavior, 15(2): 261–272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-010-9834-5.
6. Berita Harian. (2018). Berita Harian Online. Bilangan gay, transgender semakin meningkat. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2018/10/491972
7. Biernacki, P., & Waldorf, D. (1981). Snowball Sampling: Problems and Techniques of Chain Referral Sampling. Sociological Methods & Research, 10(2), 141–163. https://doi.org/10.1177/004912418101000205.
8. Blair, K. L., & Holmberg, D. (2008). Perceived social network support and well-being in same-sex versus mixed-sex romantic relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 25(5), 769–791. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407508096695.
9. Blair, K. L. & Holmberg, D. (2016). Dynamics of Perceived Social Network Support for Same-Sex versus Mixed-Sex Relationships. Personal Relationships. 23 (1), 62–83. doi: 10.1111/pere.12111
10. Darmayanti. Y, D., & Sumitri, S. (2018). Faktor penyebab perilaku laki-laki suka berhubungan seks dengan laki-laki (LSL) di Kota Bukit Tinggi Tahun 2016. Jurnal Endurance, 3(2), 213. https://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v3i2.2784.
11. Deraman, S., Hamjah, S. H., Mokhtar, A. I., Asikin, A. N. A. & Raffar, I. N. A. Z. (2018). Identifikasi Identiti Biseksual dan Hubungannya dengan Aspek Sokongan Sosial dan Kesihatan Mental dalam Kalangan Individu Biseksual di Melaka. Jurnal Al-Hikmah. 9(2), 113-130. https://spaj.ukm.my/jalhikmah/index.php/.
12. Dermawan, A. (2018, Oktober 29). Bilangan gay, transgender semakin meningkat: JAKIM. Berita Harian. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/.
13. Dewi, G. A. Y. & Indrawati, E. S. (2017). Pengalaman Menjadi Gay (Studi Fenomenologi pada Pria Homoseksual Menuju Coming Out). Jurnal Empati. 7(3),116-126. https://ejournals1.undip.ac.id/index.php/empati/article/view/17826.
14. Dwilaksono, W. & Rahardjo, W. (2013). Kontrol Diri dan Perilaku Seksual Permisif pada Gay. Proceeding PESAT (Psikologi, Ekonomi, Sastra, Arsitektur & Teknik Sipil). 5: 108 – 115. ISSN: 1858-2559. https://portal.issn.org/resource/.
15. Ghazali, S., Mapjabil, J. & Nor, A. M. (2011). Infrastruktur Komuniti dan Hubungannya dengan Golongan Transeksual di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam Malaysia. Jurnal Kemanusiaan. 18: 77-95.
16. Goedel, W. C., & Duncan, D. T. (2015). Geosocial-Networking App Usage Patterns of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men: Survey Among Users of Grindr, A Mobile Dating App. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 1(1), e4. https://doi.org/10.2196/publichealth.4353.
17. Grosskopf, N. A., LeVasseur, M. T., & Glaser, D. B. (2014). Use of the Internet and Mobile-Based “Apps” for Sex-Seeking Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City. American Journal of Men’s Health, 8(6), 510–520. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988314527311.
18. Harper, G. W., Serrano, P.A., Bruce, D. & Jamil, O.B. (2009). The Role of the Internet in the Sexual Identity Development of Gay and Bisexual Male Adolescents. In: Phillip L. Hammack & Bertram J. Cohler. The Story of Sexual Identity: Narrative Perspectives on the Gay and Lesbian Life Course Get Access Arrow. Oxford University Press.
19. Harper, G. W., Serrano, P.A., Bruce, D. & Bauermeister, J. A. (2016). The Internet's Multiple Roles in Facilitating the Sexual Orientation Identity Development of Gay and Bisexual Male Adolescents. American Journal of Men’s Health. 10(5), 359-76. doi: 10.1177/1557988314566227.
20. Irawan, H. (2016). Faktor-faktor Mempengaruhi Menjadi Gay di Kota Samarinda. Journal Sosiatri-Sosiologi. 4(3), 235-248.
21. Khir, A. M. & Rafsanjani, C. W. H. (2018). Faktor Keterlibatan Belia dalam Isu Gay di Kuala Lumpur. Malaysian Journal of Youth Studies. 145-159. https://iyres.gov.my/images/MJYS/2018/.
22. Kubicek, K., Carpineto, J., McDavitt, B., Weiss, G., & Kipke, M. D. (2011). Use and perceptions of the internet for sexual information and partners: A study of young men who have sex with men. Archives of sexual behavior, 40(4), 803–816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-010-9666-4.
23. Laksana, A. S. & Lestari, D. D. (2010). Faktor-faktor risiko penularan HIV/AIDS pada laki-laki dengan orientasi seks heteroseksual dan homoseksual di Purwokerto. Mandala of Health. 4 (2), 113 – 123. https://www.scribd.com/doc/95637920/.
24. Martin-Storey, A., & Crosnoe, R. (2012). Sexual minority status, peer harassment, and adolescent depression. Journal of Adolescence, 35(4), 1001–1011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.02.006.
25. Mitchell, K. J., Ybarra, M. L., & Korchmaros, J. D. (2014). Sexual Harassment among Adolescents of Different Sexual Orientations and Gender Identities. Child Abuse & Neglect, 38(2), 280–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.09.008.
26. Suwarti. (2010). Pengaruh Kontrol Diri terhadap Perilaku Seksual Remaja Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin pada Siswa SMA di Purwokerto. Jurnal Sainteks. 6(2): 37- 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/brpkm.v1i2.29062.
27. Tan, T. (2018). The reality of Malaysia’s laws on homosexuality. R.AGE. The Star. https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2018/09/04/.
28. UNAIDS (2022). IN DANGER: UNAIDS Global AIDS Update 2022. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/ AIDS; 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. https://www.aidsdatahub.org/resource/
29. UNAIDS (2021). HIV and gay men and other men who have sex with men. Human Rights Fact Sheet Series 2021: UNAIDS. https://www.unaids.org/
30. UNAIDS (2020). Seizing the moment: tackling entrenched inequalities to end epidemics – global AIDS update. Geneva: UNAIDS. https://healtheducationresources.unesco.org/
31. UNAIDS (2015). UNAIDS Terminology Guidelines. Switzerland: UNAIDS. https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2015.
32. Wagenaar, B.H., Sullivan, P.S. & Stephenson, R. (2012). HIV Knowledge and Associated Factors among Internet-Using Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in South Africa and the United States. PLoS ONE 7(3): e32915. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032915.
33. Zhang A, Reynolds NR, Huang C, Tan S, Yang G and Yan J. (2022). The process of contemporary gay identity development in China: The influence of internet use. Front. Public Health 10:954674. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.954674.
34. Zhou, Y., Ding, Y., Gu, K., Lu, X., Gao, M., & He, N. (2014). Motivations for sexual risk behaviors among older men in Shanghai, China: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-802