The research it explores the historical evolution of bilingual education policies, the contemporary demand for Mandarin proficiency, and the practical requirements for achieving balanced development in basic education, The research identifies key challenges in the linguistic, cultural, and pedagogical domains, including the dominance of Tibetan as the first language, insufficient family support, and the mismatch between textbooks and students' lived experiences. Additionally, it highlights structural issues such as teacher capacity gaps and resource disparities between urban and rural areas, The study proposes a range of optimization strategies, including the adoption of culturally responsive teaching methods, immersive learning environments, differentiated instructional strategies, and collaborative support systems involving schools, families, and communities, It calls for a flexible, adaptive approach to bilingual education that respects Tibetan cultural heritage while fostering Mandarin proficiency. The research contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of multilingual education, offering insights for policymakers, educators, and communities working to reconcile language preservation with educational modernization.