The development of paediatric Malay matrix sentence test (PaedMalayMST) materials through the construction of a paediatric Malay corpus
List of Authors
  • Nur 'Azzah Zakaria , Saiful Adli Jamaluddin

Keyword
  • development, Malay, paediatric, matrix sentence test, corpus, phoneme distribution,

Abstract
  • The selection of material is important in the development of a paediatric speech perception test. Even though several studies have documented various sources of speech testing materials, using corpus was recommended to develop a Matrix Sentence Test (MST). However, as available Malay corpus was limited to written words only, this research aims to construct a Paediatric Malay corpus from a combination of written and spoken words of children in Malaysia and to develop word-based matrix (WBM) for the Paediatric Malay Matrix Sentence Test (PaedMalayMST) based on the developed corpus. The WBM replicates the Malay grammatical structure in these three categories: number, object, and adjective. Based on these criteria, the words from the developed corpus were then filtered by considering the frequency of occurrences and its phonemic distributions to be included in the WBM. As a result, a matrix of three categories with six words for each category was constructed.

Reference
  • 1. Akeroyd, M. A., Arlinger, S., Bentler, R. A., Boothroyd, A., Dillier, N., Dreschler, W. A., Gagné, J. P., Lutman, M., Wouters, J., Wong, L., & Kollmeier, B. (2015). International Collegium of Rehabilitative Audiology (ICRA) recommendations for the construction of multilingual speech tests. International Journal of Audiology, 54(November 2014), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2015.1030513
    2. Animonsta Studios (n. d.). Boboiboy. Monsta. https://animonsta.com/boboiboy/
    3. Anthony, L. (2018). AntConc (Version3.5.7) [Computer Software](3.5.7). Waseda University. http://www.antlab.sci.waseda.ac.jp/
    4. Case, R., Kurland, D. M., & Goldberg, J. (1982). Operational efficiency and the growth of short-term memory span. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 33(3), 386–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(82)90054-6
    5. Čermák, F. (2009). Spoken corpora design: Their constitutive parameters. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 14(1), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.14.1.07cer
    6. Garbaruk, E. S., Goikhburg, M. V., Vazhibok, A., Tavartkiladze, G. A., Pavlov, P. V., & Kollmeier, B. (2020). Application of the Russian-language version of the matrix phrasal test in children. Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology, 85(1), 34–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20208501134
    7. Jamaluddin, S. A. (2016). Development and evaluation of the digit triplet and auditory-visual matrix sentence tests in Malay(Publication No. 4633) [Doctoral dissertation, University of Canterbury].UC Research Repository. http://dx.doi.org/10.26021/7303
    8. Kollmeier, B., Warzybok, A., Hochmuth, S., Zokoll, M. A., Uslar, V. N., Brand, T., & Wagener, K. C. (2015). The multilingual matrix test: Principles,applications, and comparison across languages: A review. International Journal of Audiology, 54(sup2), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2015.1020971
    9. Laufer, B., & Nation, P. (1999). A vocabulary-size test of controlled productive ability. Language Testing, 16(1), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/026553229901600103
    10. Lee, L. W., & Low, H. M. (2011). Developing an online Malay Language Word Corpus for primary schools. International Journal of Education and Development Using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 7(3), 96–101. http://210.48.222.80/proxy.pac/scholarly-journals/developing-online-malay-language-word-corpus/docview/1017894711/se-2
    11. Les’ Copaque Production. (n. d.). Upin & Ipin. Les’ Copaque. https://lescopaque.com/v11/our-works/upin-ipin/
    12. Marinova-Todd, S. H., Siu, C. K., & Jenstad, L. M. (2011). Speech audiometry with non-native English speakers: The use of digits and Cantonese words as stimuli. Canadian Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, 35(3), 220–227. http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&btnG=Search&q=intitle:Providing+support+to+school+children+with+hyperacusis#0
    13. Mendel, L. L. (2008). Current considerations in pediatric speech audiometry. International Journal of Audiology, 47(9), 546–553. https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020802252261
    14. Ozimek, E., Kutzner, D., & Libiszewski, P. (2012). Speech intelligibility tested by the Pediatric Matrix Sentence test in 3-6 year old children. Speech Communication, 54(10), 1121–1131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2012.06.001
    15. Pangkalan Data Korpus. (2017). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. http://lamanweb.dbp.gov.my/index.php/pages/view/76?mid=61
    16. Puglisi, G. E., di Berardino, F., Montuschi, C., Sellami, F., Albera, A., Zanetti, D., Albera, R., Astolfi, A., Kollmeier, B., & Warzybok, A. (2021). Evaluation of Italian Simplified Matrix Test for Speech-Recognition Measurements in Noise. Audiology Research, 11(1), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres11010009
    17. Puglisi, G. E., Warzybok, A., Hochmuth, S., Visentin, C., Astolfi, A., Prodi, N., & Kollmeier, B. (2015). An Italian matrix sentence test for the evaluation of speech intelligibility in noise. International Journal of Audiology, early onli(September), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2015.1061709
    18. Sinclair, J. (2005). Corpus and text: Basic principles. In M. Wynne, Developing Linguistic Corpora : A guide to good practice, 1998–2001. https://users.ox.ac.uk/~martinw/dlc/
    19. Thompson, P. (2005). Spoken language corpora. In M. Wynne, Developing Linguistic Corpora : A guide to good practice, 1998–2001.https://users.ox.ac.uk/~martinw/dlc/
    20. Wijngaarden, S. J. (2001). Intelligibility of native and non-native Dutch speech. Speech Communication, 35(1–2), 103–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6393(00)00098-4
    21. Wijngaarden, S. J., Steeneken, H. J. M., & Houtgast, T. (2002). Quantifying the intelligibility of speech in noise for non-native listeners. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 111(4), 1906–1916. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1456928
    22. Wagener, K. C., Brand, T., Kollmeier, B.,Kühnel, V., Kollmeier, B., Brand, T., & Kollmeier, B. (1999). Entwicklung und Evaluation eines Satztests für die deutsche Sprache Teil II: Optimierung des Oldenburger Satztests Development and evaluation of a German sentence test Part 11 : Optimization of the Oldenburg sentence test. Z Audiol, 38(2), 44–56.
    23. Wagener, K. C., & Kollmeier, B. (2005). Evaluation des Oldenburger Satztests mit Kindern und Oldenburger: Evaluation of the Oldenburg sentence test with children and the Oldenburg children’s sentence test. Z Audiol, 44(3), 134–143.
    24. Wagener, K., Josvassen, J. L., & Ardenkjær, R. (2003). Design, optimization and evaluation of a Danish sentence test in noise: Diseño, optimización y evaluación de la prueba Danesa de frases en ruido. https://doi.org/10.3109/14992020309056080
    25. Warzybok, A., Brand, T., Wagener, K. C., & Kollmeier, B. (2015). How much does language proficiency by non-native listeners influence speech audiometric tests in noise? International Journal of Audiology, 54(early online), 88–99. https://doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2015.1063715
    26. Warzybok, A., Zokoll, M. A., Wardenga, N., Ozimek, E., Boboshko, M., & Kollmeier, B. (2015). Development of the Russian matrix sentence test. International Journal of Audiology, 2027(October), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2015.1020969
    27. Willberg, T., Kärtevä, K., Zokoll, M., Buschermöhle, M., Sivonen, V., Aarnisalo, A., Löppönen, H., Kollmeier, B., & Dietz, A. (2020). The Finnish simplified matrix sentence test for the assessment of speech intelligibility in the elderly. International Journal of Audiology, 59(10), 763–771. https://doi.org/10.1080/14992027.2020.1741704