Mental resilience and psychological well-being are crucial factors in ensuring the optimal performance of high-performance athletes, as they directly influence their ability to cope with stress, recover from setbacks, and maintain a competitive edge. Given the demanding nature of elite sports, athletes are often exposed to intense physical and psychological pressures that can impact their mental health. While physical recovery strategies such as sports massage have been widely acknowledged for their physiological benefits, their psychological implications remain relatively underexplored. This study aims to assess the effects of sports massage on the mental resilience and psychological well-being of elite athletes. A quasi-experimental research design was employed, involving two groups: a treatment group that received sports massage interventions and a control group that did not undergo any such intervention. A total of 32 high-performance athletes participated in the study. Data were collected using validated psychological assessment tools, namely the Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ) to measure mental resilience and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) to evaluate psychological well-being. The collected data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests and independent sample t-tests to compare pre- and post-intervention outcomes. The findings revealed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001) in both mental resilience and psychological well-being among athletes in the treatment group compared to the control group. This suggests that sports massage is not only beneficial for physical recovery but also serves as a valuable psychological support mechanism in helping athletes manage stress, anxiety, and mental fatigue while enhancing mental toughness. Based on these findings, it is recommended that sports massage be integrated into routine training and recovery programs to promote holistic athlete development, ensuring both physical and psychological well-being in competitive sports environments.